Rapid Identification of Measles Virus Vaccine Genotype by Real-Time PCR

Roy, Felicia; Mendoza, Luís Hurtado de; Hiebert, Joanne; McNall, Rebecca J.; Bankamp, Bettina; Connolly, Sarah; Lüdde, Amy; Friedrich, Nicole; Mankertz, Annette; Rota, Paul A.; Severini, Alberto

doi:10.1128/jcm.01879-16

Cited by 38 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…1-3 RT-PCR and sequencing typically take 24–48 hours to complete, but recently, a new real-time RT-PCR assay has been introduced that can identify vaccine viruses in 3–4 hours. 93 Of note, human-to-human transmission of the measles vaccine virus has not been documented. 94 …”

Section: Exclusion Measures Among Exposed Individuals Who Received Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health responses during measles outbreaks in elimination settings: Strategies and challenges

Gastañaduy

Banerjee

DeBolt

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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In late September 2016, the Americas became the first region in the world to have eliminated endemic transmission of measles virus. Several other countries have also verified measles elimination, and countries in all six World Health Organization regions have adopted measles elimination goals. The public health strategies used to respond to measles outbreaks in elimination settings are thus becoming relevant to more countries. This review highlights the strategies used to limit measles spread in elimination settings: (1) assembly of an outbreak control committee; (2) isolation of measles cases while infectious; (3) exclusion and quarantining of individuals without evidence of immunity; (4) vaccination of susceptible individuals; (5) use of immunoglobulin to prevent measles in exposed susceptible high-risk persons; (6) and maintaining laboratory proficiency for confirmation of measles. Deciding on the extent of containment efforts should be based on the expected benefit of reactive interventions, balanced against the logistical challenges in implementing them.

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Section: Exclusion Measures Among Exposed Individuals Who Received Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health responses during measles outbreaks in elimination settings: Strategies and challenges

Gastañaduy

Banerjee

DeBolt

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

Self Cite

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“…Especially ELISA, due to its dual specificity, became a gold standard for protein detection. NA-based detection methods have revolutionized virus-related diagnostics (Roy et al, 2017) having the false negative window period HIV between 10 and 15 days (Branson and Stekler, 2011). Also there is a window period between the viral infection and Table 1 Summary of emerging viruses with abbreviations: molecular (mol), serological (ser), reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), immunoglobulin type M (IgM), lateral flow assay (LFA), nonstructural protein (NS1), immunoglobulin type G (IgG), loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), digital PCR (dPCR) enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) and IgM antibody capture ELISA (MAC-ELISA), double antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA), enzyme linked immunospotting (ELISPOT), data not available (N.A.…”

Section: Conventional Techniques For Detection Of Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in lab-on-a-chip technologies for viral diagnosis

Zhu

Fohlerová

Pekárek

et al. 2020

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

195

146

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A B S T R A C TThe global risk of viral disease outbreaks emphasizes the need for rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection techniques to speed up diagnostics allowing early intervention. An emerging field of microfluidics also known as the lab-on-a-chip (LOC) or micro total analysis system includes a wide range of diagnostic devices. This review briefly covers both conventional and microfluidics-based techniques for rapid viral detection. We first describe conventional detection methods such as cell culturing, immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These methods often have limited speed, sensitivity, or specificity and are performed with typically bulky equipment. Here, we discuss some of the LOC technologies that can overcome these demerits, highlighting the latest advances in LOC devices for viral disease diagnosis. We also discuss the fabrication of LOC systems to produce devices for performing either individual steps or virus detection in samples with the sample to answer method. The complete system consists of sample preparation, and ELISA and RT-PCR for viral-antibody and nucleic acid detection, respectively. Finally, we formulate our opinions on these areas for the future development of LOC systems for viral diagnostics.

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“…Molecular markers that allow for the differentiation between wild-type and vaccine strains have been previously identified in different genes (17,22). An MV genotype A-specific reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assay targeting the N gene has been published (23)(24)(25), as have a number of real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection of MV (26)(27)(28)(29). In this study, these strategies were multiplexed in order to simultaneously detect and differentiate wild-type MV from the vaccine strains using two independent gene targets.…”

Section: Avg C T C T Sd % Cv Avg C T C T Sd % Cv Avg C T C T Sd % Cv mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation between Wild-Type and Vaccine Measles Viruses by a Multiplex Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay

et al. 2019

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Measles is one of the most contagious viral respiratory infections and was declared to be eliminated from Canada in 1998; however, measles cases and outbreaks still occur every year through reintroduction from other parts of the world. Laboratory confirmation of measles virus (MV) RNA by real-time PCR provides a definitive diagnosis, and molecular analysis to determine the genotype is the only way to distinguish between wild-type and vaccine strains. This distinction is important since live attenuated vaccine strains are able to replicate in the patient and can be associated with rash and fever but are poorly transmissible, if at all. Prompt reporting of measles cases to local authorities, including differentiation between wildtype and vaccine strains, allows for optimal management and contact tracing. The development and validation of a multiplex real-time reverse transcription-PCR (rtRT-PCR) assay for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of the Moraten and Schwarz vaccine strains from presumptive wild-type MV in a format that can be easily implemented for high-throughput testing of patient samples are reported here. This assay is sensitive, specific, reproducible, and 100% accurate in comparison with the gold standard comparator assay.

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Rapid Identification of Measles Virus Vaccine Genotype by Real-Time PCR

Cited by 38 publications

References 14 publications

Public health responses during measles outbreaks in elimination settings: Strategies and challenges

Public health responses during measles outbreaks in elimination settings: Strategies and challenges

Recent advances in lab-on-a-chip technologies for viral diagnosis

Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation between Wild-Type and Vaccine Measles Viruses by a Multiplex Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay

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