Rapid improvement of heart repair in rats after myocardial infarction by precise magnetic stimulation on the vagus nerve with an injectable magnetic hydrogel

Abstract

The imbalance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system is one of the main pathogeneses of myocardial infarction (MI). Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), which restores autonomic nervous balance by enhancing parasympathetic...

Micro/nanomotors for neuromodulation

“…In addition to the toxicity during the degradation process, in terms of physical compatibility, materials in contact with nerves need to be compatible biomechanically, otherwise inflammatory reactions can be induced. 81 However, several factors persist regarding the potential long-term risks of MNM utilization in the nervous system, including the stability, distribution, and metabolic pathways of nanoparticles. Additionally, the lack of standardization and regulation hampers the progress of research and applications in the field of neural modulation using MNMs.…”

The Story of Ferumoxytol: Synthesis Production, Current Clinical Applications, and Therapeutic Potential

“…Our research group recently developed a magnetic hydrogel that could be injected around the vagus nerve and stimulated using a rotating magnetic field, leading to improved heart repair and remodeling after myocardial infarction. [118] This specially designed magnetic hydrogel is composed of FDA-approved chitosan/glycerophosphate (CS/GP) and exhibits excellent biocompatibility (Figure 18A). After a minimally invasive injection, the hydrogel undergoes a sol-gel phase transition, creating a protec- [118] Copyright 2023, Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

“…[118] This specially designed magnetic hydrogel is composed of FDA-approved chitosan/glycerophosphate (CS/GP) and exhibits excellent biocompatibility (Figure 18A). After a minimally invasive injection, the hydrogel undergoes a sol-gel phase transition, creating a protec- [118] Copyright 2023, Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

“…A) Schematic diagram of the synthesis of SPIO-CS/GP hydrogel; B) schematic diagram of the mechanism by which stimulation of the vagus nerve improves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction; C) schematic diagram of mVNS treatment in rats with myocardial infarction; D) cardiac ultrasound images of rats in different treatment groups; E) left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) in rats from different treatment groups; F) levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a biomarker of cardiac function, in rats from different treatment groups (n = ≈5-6); G,H) Masson staining and quantification of myocardial fibrosis area in the hearts of rats from different treatment groups after 4 weeks of treatment. Reproduced with permission [118]. Copyright 2023, Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

Advances in smart delivery of magnetic field-targeted drugs in cardiovascular diseases

“…A recent interesting study from the team of Bao et al. suggests that magnetic stimulation itself has a therapeutic effect on myocardial infarction [ 114 ]. They loaded SPIONs into a hydrogel and wrapped it around the vagus nerve of infarcted rats.…”