Rapid isocratic HPLC analysis of beta-carotene in red peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) and food preparations

Weissenberg, Martin; Levy, Arieh; Schaeffler, I.; Menagem, E.; Barzilai, Michal

doi:10.1007/bf02490877

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Several methods for the determination of β-carotene in foods are described in literature, of which high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-VIS detection appears to be most commonly employed (Weissenberg et al, 1997;Scotter, 2011). …”

Section: Methods Of Analysis In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of mixed carotenes (E 160a (i)) and beta‐carotene (E 160a (ii)) as a food additive

2012

EFS2

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The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food provides a scientific opinion reevaluating the safety of mixed carotenes [E 160a (i)] and β-carotene [E 160a (ii)] when used as food colouring substances. Mixed carotenes [E 160a (i)] and β-carotene [E 160a (ii)] are authorised as food additives in the EU and have been evaluated previously by the JECFA the latest in 2001 and by the SCF in 1997 and 2000. Both Committees established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 0-5 mg/kg bw/day. In this opinion the mixed carotenes are defined according to the Commission Directive 2008/128/EC and consist of two groups of substances: plant carotenes and algal carotenes. β-Carotene comprises (synthetic) β-carotene and β-carotene obtained by fermentation of the fungus Blakeslea trispora. The Panel noted (i) that the specifications of mixed carotenes are inadequate and need to be updated, (ii) that most toxicological studies have been performed with rodents, although rodents, in contrast to humans, very efficiently convert β-carotene to vitamin A. The Panel concluded that based on the presently available dataset, no ADIs for mixed carotenes and β-carotene can be established and that the use of (synthetic) β-carotene and mixed β-carotenes obtained from palm fruit oil, carrots and algae as food colour is not of safety concern, provided the intake from this use as a food additive and as food supplement, is not more than the amount likely to be ingested from the regular consumption of the foods in which they occur naturally (5-10 mg/day). This would ascertain that the exposure to βcarotene from these uses would remain below 15 mg/day, the level of supplemental intake of βcarotene for which epidemiological studies did not reveal any increased cancer risk. Furthermore, the Panel could not conclude on the safety in use of mixed carotenes [E 160a (i)] for the preparatory work on this scientific opinion.Re-evaluation of mixed carotenes (E 160a (i)) and β-carotene (E 160a (ii)) as food additives EFSA Journal 2012;10(3):2593 2 SUMMARY Following a request from the European Commission to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the Scientific Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of mixed carotenes [E 160a (i)] and β-carotene [E 160a (ii)] when used as food colour. Mixed carotenes [E 160a (i)] and β-carotene [E 160a (ii)] are authorised as food additives in the European Union (EU) and have been evaluated previously by the Joint FAO/WHO/Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in 1975 (β-carotene), 1993 (carotenes from natural sources) and 2001 (βcarotene derived from Blakeslea trispora), and by the EU Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) in the EU in 1975, 1997 (β-carotene derived from Dunaliella salina) and 2000 (β-carotene derived from Blakeslea trispora). The SCF and JECFA both established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 0-5 mg/kg bw/day.JECFA defined the ADI for the sum of the carotenoids β-apo-8'-carotenal, β-carotene, β-carot...

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Section: Methods Of Analysis In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of mixed carotenes (E 160a (i)) and beta‐carotene (E 160a (ii)) as a food additive

2012

EFS2

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“…The extracts (25 mL) were treated with 5% ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution (5 mL) and kept overnight at room temperature for complete saponification of xanthophyll esters. This solution is washed with water several times till neutrality, then separated using separating funnel and dried in a stream of nitrogen (Weissenberg et al 1997).…”

Section: Saponificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dried extracts were dissolved in the solution of extraction (1 mL), filtered through a 0.45 μm membrane disc (4.6 × 250 mm) and injected into the chromatograph (injection volume 10 μL). The column was regenerated by washing with 2-propanol after analysis and equilibrated with the mobile phase (Weissenberg et al 1997;Ligor et al 2014).…”

Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of stress conditions for carotenoids accumulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as added-value algal products

et al. 2019

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Background: Microalgae, the third-generation source of biofuel have invaluable bio-refineries such as carotenoids. The accumulation of carotenoids in the algal cell is based on several parameters during algal growth. Some of these parameters are irradiance and cultivation periods which figures the photoperiod during algal growth. In this work, 0.6 g/L Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, green algae strain, was cultivated using the BG-11 medium in bubble column photobioreactor illuminated by white cool fluorescent 24 h per day, irradiance range 40.5-149 μmol.m −2 .s −1 , and cultivation period range 10-20 days. The carotenoids were extracted using two solvents, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate in ratio 7:3. The carotenoids fractions were quantified using HPLC and the design expert program 8.6 was used to optimize the irradiance and cultivation period in order to gain maximum carotenoids accumulation in C. reinhardtii using response surface method. Results: The results revealed that the optimum conditions of C. reinhardtii cultivation are illuminating the culture 24 h a day for 10 days with irradiance 149 μmol.m −2 .s −1 producing 0.85 mg/g astaxanthin, 0.87 mg/g lutein, and 0.64 mg/g β-carotene, as a maximum value of accumulating carotenoids in 2.15 g/L biomass yield. Conclusions: High irradiance and cultivation period are two essential parameters for accumulating carotenoids in algae. Response surface method is an affordable method to optimize these parameters simultaneously via predicting a model describe the relation and analyze the results statistically. The experimental verification of results proved the model's validity. The prospective research is going to study the effect of more parameters on carotenoids accumulation in algae.

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“…Then, β-carotene was determined according to the method described by (Weissenberg, et al, 1997) at Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Researches Centre, Giza, Egypt. HPLC conditions:…”

Section: Glass Bottlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extracts obtained as described above were dissolved in mobile phase (1 ml), filtered through a 0.45µm membrane disc and injected into the chromatograph (injection volume, 10 µl). The column was regenerated by washing with 2-propanol after analysis, and then equilibrated with the mobile phase (Weissenberg, et al, 1997).…”

Section: Glass Bottlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Chemical and Nutritional Quality During Cold Storage of Some Fruit and Vegetable Juice Blends.

Tabikha

El-Shehawy

Helal

2010

Journal of Food and Dairy Sciences

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Fresh juice blends are a popular food daily consumed by all people with different age and standard living for their low prices and pleasant flavor. In spite of the cheap price of these juices; they have high nutritive value for their high content of βcarotene, minerals as calcium, potassium, magnesium and iron. So, the main target of such manuscript was to follow up main components changes in untraditional fruit and vegetable juice blends during cold storage (5-7°C) for three months. Obtained results showed that, the moisture, total sugar, non-reducing sugar, β-carotene, total soluble solids contents and pH value of fruit and vegetable juice blends decreased while, total solids, reducing sugar contents and total bacterial counts increased after three months of cold storage. Juice blend No.(4) (50% apricot + 50% carrot) had the highest value of β-carotene (1000 μg/100ml). Finally, it could be concluded that fruit and vegetable juice blends under study were acceptable and in a good agreement with their Egyptian standard specifications as well as the high content of β-carotene.

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Rapid isocratic HPLC analysis of beta-carotene in red peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) and food preparations

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of mixed carotenes (E 160a (i)) and beta‐carotene (E 160a (ii)) as a food additive

Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of mixed carotenes (E 160a (i)) and beta‐carotene (E 160a (ii)) as a food additive

Assessment of stress conditions for carotenoids accumulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as added-value algal products

Changes in Chemical and Nutritional Quality During Cold Storage of Some Fruit and Vegetable Juice Blends.

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