Rapid-killing efficacy substantiates the antiseptic property of the synergistic combination of carvacrol and nerol against nosocomial pathogens

Kasthuri, Thirupathi; Swetha, Thirukannamangai Krishnan; Bhaskar, James Prabhanand; Pandian, Shunmugiah Karutha

doi:10.1007/s00203-022-03197-x

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…BAC, CET and CHG were selected as biocidal agents due to their frequent and widespread use in healthcare systems globally, including the studied hospital [ 20 ]. To access their efficacy against the isolated VRSA, a suspension test was used as per European Standard Guidelines [ 21 ]. Bacterial test suspensions were prepared by seeding sterile nutrient broth with an isolated colony and incubating under rotary conditions (125 rpm) for 12 h at 37 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular distribution of biocide resistance genes and susceptibility to biocides among vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolates from intensive care unit (ICU) of cardiac hospital- A first report from Pakistan

Asghar,

Ain,

Zaidi

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular distribution of biocide resistance genes and susceptibility to biocides among vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolates from intensive care unit (ICU) of cardiac hospital- A first report from Pakistan

Asghar,

Ain,

Zaidi

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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“…Nerol is an acyclic monoterpenoid that is the cis-isomer of geraniol. It possesses a main alcohol functional group and has a more pleasant rose odor compared to geraniol ( Kasthuri et al, 2022 ). The exceptional chemical composition of carvacrol and nerol is responsible for their extensive antibacterial efficacy across a wide range of bacteria.…”

Section: Carvacrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this end, efficient broad-spectrum antibacterial action is achieved by combining the bactericidal effect of both carvacrol and nerol, which are monocyclic phenols and acyclic primary alcohols, respectively. Furthermore, there is speculation that the combined action of carvacrol and nerol, namely, their–OH groups, effectively depolarizes the cell membrane by dissipating pH and protons (H + and K + ) gradients across it ( Kasthuri et al, 2022 ). Thus, as mentioned, the combined treatment using carvacrol and other antibacterial treatments, including natural products and enzymes, shows potential as a viable strategy for eliminating P. aeruginosa biofilm infections.…”

Section: Carvacrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of natural compounds on quorum sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a helpful promise for managing biofilm community

Shariati,

Noei,

Askarinia

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm is a community of bacteria that adhere to live or non-living surfaces and are encapsulated by an extracellular polymeric substance. Unlike individual planktonic cells, biofilms possess a notable inherent resistance to sanitizers and antibiotics. Overcoming this resistance is a substantial barrier in the medical and food industries. Hence, while antibiotics are ineffective in eradicating P. aeruginosa biofilm, scientists have explored alternate strategies, including the utilization of natural compounds as a novel treatment option. To this end, curcumin, carvacrol, thymol, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, coumarin, catechin, terpinene-4-ol, linalool, pinene, linoleic acid, saponin, and geraniol are the major natural compounds extensively utilized for the management of the P. aeruginosa biofilm community. Noteworthy, the exact interaction of natural compounds and the biofilm of this bacterium is not elucidated yet; however, the interference with the quorum sensing system and the inhibition of autoinducer production in P. aeruginosa are the main possible mechanisms. Noteworthy, the use of different drug platforms can overcome some drawbacks of natural compounds, such as insolubility in water, limited oral bioavailability, fast metabolism, and degradation. Additionally, drug platforms can deliver different antibiofilm agents simultaneously, which enhances the antibiofilm potential of natural compounds. This article explores many facets of utilizing natural compounds to inhibit and eradicate P. aeruginosa biofilms. It also examines the techniques and protocols employed to enhance the effectiveness of these compounds.

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“…Kasthuri et al [68] tested the activity of carvacrol against S. aureus ATCC 6538, P. aeruginosa ATCC 15442, E. coli ATCC 10536, and Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541 according to the protocol of the British Standard European Norm 1276: phase2/step1 (EN1276). In addition, a synergistic effect of the combination of carvacrol and nerol in the proportions of 0.625% carvacrol + 1.25% nerol and 0.781% carvacrol + 1.56% nerol was found.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activity Of Carvacrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carvacrol—A Natural Phenolic Compound with Antimicrobial Properties

et al. 2023

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The main purpose of this article is to present the latest research related to selected biological properties of carvacrol, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. As a monoterpenoid phenol, carvacrol is a component of many essential oils and is usually found in plants together with its isomer, thymol. Carvacrol, either alone or in combination with other compounds, has a strong antimicrobial effect on many different strains of bacteria and fungi that are dangerous to humans or can cause significant losses in the economy. Carvacrol also exerts strong anti-inflammatory properties by preventing the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by inducing SOD, GPx, GR, and CAT, as well as reducing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the body. It also affects the body’s immune response generated by LPS. Carvacrol is considered a safe compound despite the limited amount of data on its metabolism in humans. This review also discusses the biotransformations of carvacrol, because the knowledge of the possible degradation pathways of this compound may help to minimize the risk of environmental contamination with phenolic compounds.

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Rapid-killing efficacy substantiates the antiseptic property of the synergistic combination of carvacrol and nerol against nosocomial pathogens

Cited by 11 publications

References 109 publications

Molecular distribution of biocide resistance genes and susceptibility to biocides among vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolates from intensive care unit (ICU) of cardiac hospital- A first report from Pakistan

Molecular distribution of biocide resistance genes and susceptibility to biocides among vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolates from intensive care unit (ICU) of cardiac hospital- A first report from Pakistan

Inhibitory effect of natural compounds on quorum sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a helpful promise for managing biofilm community

Carvacrol—A Natural Phenolic Compound with Antimicrobial Properties

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