Rapid lipid enrichment in ω3 fatty acids: Liver data

Abstract. Second-generation rats depleted in long-chain polyunsaturated ˆ3 fatty acids were recently proposed as a novel animal model for the metabolic syndrome. In the present study, a dietary deprivation of ˆ3 acids for 3-7 months was found sufficient to provoke in 6-week-old normal rats the same alteration of the fatty acid content and profile of liver phospholipids and triglycerides as that otherwise prevailing in the second-generation ˆ3-depleted rats, with emphasis on a severe decrease in their ˆ3 fatty acid content, alterations in the relative contribution of and ratio between selected long-chain polyunsaturated ˆ6 fatty acids, saturated and monodesaturated fatty acids and precursors of nervonic acid, and liver steatosis. When the ˆ3-depleted rats were exposed, after the first 7 months of the present experiments and for 2-4 weeks to a diet supplemented with 5% (w/w) flaxseed oil, most of these hepatic variables returned towards or beyond control values. In both the ˆ3-depleted rats and control animals, however, the eventual exposure to the flaxseed oilenriched diet failed to suppress liver steatosis and, on the contrary, provoked a further increase in liver triglyceride content. It is proposed, therefore, that the present approach represents a simple and realistic animal model to study the consequences of ˆ3-depletion. Moreover, the results suggest that to oppose such consequences, e.g. liver steatosis, it may be necessary to combine the dietary supply of ˆ3 acids with a suitable control of food intake, in both qualitative and quantitative terms.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…All these features duplicate those found in second generation ˆ3D rats (3,12,13). They suggest, therefore, that the present experimental device is appropriate to assess the metabolic consequences of a depletion in ˆ3 fatty acids, with emphasis on the development of liver steatosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The metabolic syndrome of ω3-depleted rats. I. Liver data

Malaisse

Bulur²,

Zhang³

et al. 2009

“…For instance, they allowed in selected instances, e.g. in the case of the C22:4ω6 weight percentage in liver triglycerides, to distinguish between changes attributable to the hepatic uptake of plasma triglycerides and those possibly resulting from the enrichment of liver phospholipids in long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 fatty acids (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid lipid enrichment in ω3 fatty acids: Plasma data

Carpentier¹,

Peltier²,

Portois³

et al. 2008

Self Cite

Abstract. The bolus intravenous injection of a novel mediumchain triglyceride:fish oil emulsion to normal subjects was recently reported to enrich within 60 min the phospholipid content of leucocytes and platelets in long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 fatty acids. The present study, conducted in second generation ω3-depleted rats, aimed at investigating whether such a procedure may also increase within 60 min the phospholipid content of ω3 fatty acids in cells located outwards the bloodstream, in this case liver cells, and whether this coincides with correction of the perturbation in the liver triglyceride fatty acid content and profile otherwise prevailing in these rats. This first report deals mainly with the fatty acid pattern of plasma lipids in male ω3-depleted rats that were non-injected or injected with either the ω3-rich emulsion or a control medium-chain triglyceride:olive oil emulsion. The results provide information on the fate of the exogenous lipids present in the lipid emulsions and injected intravenously 60 min before sacrifice. Moreover, in the uninjected ω3-depleted rats the comparison between individual plasma and liver measurements indicated positive correlations in the fatty acid profile of phospholipids and triglycerides.

“…In the first report in this series, it was documented that exposure of 7-week-old normal rats to a sunflower oilcontaining diet for 3-7 months is sufficient to provoke changes in the fatty acid content and pattern of both liver phospholipids and triglycerides similar to those previously found in secondgeneration rats depleted in long-chain polyunsaturated ˆ3 fatty acids (1)(2)(3). Hence, it was proposed that such a procedure represents a simple and realistic animal model to study the consequence of ˆ3-depletion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

The metabolic syndrome of ω3-depleted rats. II. Body weight, adipose tissue mass and glycemic homeostasis

Malaisse¹

2009

Abstract. Exposure of 7-week-old normal rats for 3-7 months to a diet deprived of long-chain polyunsaturated ˆ3 fatty acids was recently reported to induce changes in the fatty acid content and pattern of liver phospholipids and triglycerides similar to those otherwise found in second generation ˆ3-depleted rats. In the present study, the changes in body weight, parametrial adipose tissue mass, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and insulin resistance index were investigated in the same control and ˆ3-depleted rats, which were then given access for 2 to 4-5 weeks to either a flaxseed oilenriched diet (control and ˆ3-depleted rats) or a soybean oilenriched diet (control rats). The body weight failed to differ between control and ˆ3-depleted rats. The latter rats, however, displayed increases in adipose tissue mass, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, and insulin resistance index. In the control rats given access to the soybean or flaxseed oilenriched diet, body weight and adipose tissue mass were little affected, but both the plasma glucose concentration and insulin resistance index decreased. In the ˆ3-depleted rats given access to the flaxseed oil-enriched diet, both body weight and adipose tissue mass underwent a rapid, pronounced and sustained increase, whilst the plasma glucose concentration and insulin resistance index decreased similarly to those in the control rats. The present design of ˆ3 fatty acid dietary deprivation thus reproduces the visceral obesity and insulin resistance otherwise observed in second-generation ˆ3-depleted rats. However, the supply of exogenous ˆ3 fatty acids to the ˆ3-depleted rats failed to oppose visceral obesity, possibly as a result of the orexigenic effects of these ˆ3 fatty acids.