Rapid Molecular Genetic Subtyping of Serotype M1 Group A <i>Streptococcus</i> Strains

Hoe, Nancy P.; Nakashima, Kiyotaka; Grigsby, Diana; Pan, Xi; Dou, Shu Jun; Naidich, Steven; García, Urpegui; Kahn, Emily B.; Bergmire-Sweat, David; Musser, James M.

doi:10.3201/eid0502.990210

Cited by 113 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Since then CRISPR sequences of several other species have been published (Groenen et al, 1993;Mojica et al, 1995;Masepohl et al, 1996;Hoe et al, 1999), and recently the CRISPR loci were recognized as a family of repeats (Mojica et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CRISPR loci in clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis and S. pyogenes are extremely polymorphic, and this strain-dependent polymorphism has been exploited for epidemiological and taxonomic purposes (Kamerbeek et al, 1997;Hoe et al, 1999). The short repeat sequence itself is remarkably well conserved in clinical isolates; however, the number of repeats and spacers differs from strain to strain (van Embden et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCC 7120 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Groenen et al, 1993;Mojica et al, 1995;Masepohl et al, 1996;Hoe et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in prokaryotes

Jansen

Embden

Gaastra

et al. 2002

Molecular Microbiology

1,661

1,172

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SummaryUsing in silico analysis we studied a novel family of repetitive DNA sequences that is present among both domains of the prokaryotes (Archaea and Bacteria), but absent from eukaryotes or viruses. This family is characterized by direct repeats, varying in size from 21 to 37 bp, interspaced by similarly sized nonrepetitive sequences. To appreciate their characteristic structure, we will refer to this family as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). In most species with two or more CRISPR loci, these loci were flanked on one side by a common leader sequence of 300-500 b. The direct repeats and the leader sequences were conserved within a species, but dissimilar between species. The presence of multiple chromosomal CRISPR loci suggests that CRISPRs are mobile elements. Four CRISPR-associated (cas) genes were identified in CRISPR-containing prokaryotes that were absent from CRISPR-negative prokaryotes. The cas genes were invariably located adjacent to a CRISPR locus, indicating that the cas genes and CRISPR loci have a functional relationship. The cas3 gene showed motifs characteristic for helicases of the superfamily 2, and the cas4 gene showed motifs of the RecB family of exonucleases, suggesting that these genes are involved in DNA metabolism or gene expression. The spatial coherence of CRISPR and cas genes may stimulate new research on the genesis and biological role of these repeats and genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in prokaryotes

Jansen

Embden

Gaastra

et al. 2002

Molecular Microbiology

1,661

1,172

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An alternative approach for fine typing M/emm 1 strains is the investigation of polymorphisms on the sic (streptococcal inhibitor of complement) gene. The sic gene is present only in M/emm 1 strains and has been shown to discriminate between outbreak-and nonoutbreak-related M1 strains (Bidet et al, 2009;Hoe et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of sclB gene variation in Streptococcus pyogenes (Lancefield group A Streptococcus) and potential for subtyping

Coelho¹,

Efstratiou²

2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Variation of sclB gene sequences in group A Streptococcus (GAS) strains was evaluated for its potential use in subtyping the most common serotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes encountered in the UK. We sequenced a total of 188 strains, including randomly selected invasive GAS and outbreak-related strains. Variability was highest amongst M/emm 89 strains, whereas very little variation was observed amongst M/emm 1 and M/emm 28 GAS strains. Repeat patterns were identified in the collagen structure motif (CSM) of the M/emm 89 GAS strains. The sporadic strains were very diverse and encompassed most of the CSM patterns, whereas the outbreakrelated strains were mainly clustered into two CSM groups. sclB gene cluster analysis distinguished outbreak strains from two different healthcare settings in the same geographical area. Sequence variations were assessed by the number of pentameric repeats (CAAAA) present at the 59 region of the sclB gene. The determination of sclB polymorphisms amongst GAS serotype M/emm 89 strains could be used as an important epidemiological marker to inform clinicians and outbreak control teams during outbreak investigations.

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“…22 Inasmuch as strain SF370 is genetically distinct from the great majority of strains responsible for contemporary infections caused by M1 strains, and is less virulent, we hypothesized that acquisition of novel genetic elements had created an unusually successful clone of serotype M1. 47,48 To test this hypothesis, we sequenced the genome of a strain that is genetically representative of organisms responsible for contemporary episodes of M1 infections. Genome sequencing, DNA-DNA microarray analysis, and high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism analysis revealed that this clone evolved from an ancestral strain through a complex series of LGT episodes.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Emergence Of Severe Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Genome-Wide Systems Biology Analysis of Host-Pathogen Interactions in Group A Streptococcus

Musser

DeLeo

2005

The American Journal of Pathology

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Genome-wide analysis of microbial pathogens and molecular pathogenesis processes has become an area of considerable activity in the last 5 years. These studies have been made possible by several advances, including completion of the human genome sequence, publication of genome sequences for many human pathogens, development of microarray technology and high-throughput proteomics, and maturation of bioinformatics. Despite these advances, relatively little effort has been expended in the bacterial pathogenesis arena to develop and use integrated research platforms in a systems biology approach to enhance our understanding of disease processes. This review discusses progress made in exploiting an integrated genome-wide research platform to gain new knowledge about how the human bacterial pathogen group A Streptococcus causes disease. Results of these studies have provided many new avenues for basic pathogenesis research and translational research focused on development of an efficacious human vaccine and novel therapeutics. One goal in summarizing this line of study is to bring exciting new findings to the attention of the investigative pathology community. In addition, we hope the review will stimulate investigators to consider using analogous approaches for analysis of the molecular pathogenesis of other microbes.

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Rapid Molecular Genetic Subtyping of Serotype M1 Group A Streptococcus Strains

Cited by 113 publications

References 30 publications

Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in prokaryotes

Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in prokaryotes

Evaluation of sclB gene variation in Streptococcus pyogenes (Lancefield group A Streptococcus) and potential for subtyping

Toward a Genome-Wide Systems Biology Analysis of Host-Pathogen Interactions in Group A Streptococcus

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