Rapid one-step biotinylation of biological and non-biological surfaces

Abstract

We describe a rapid one-step method to biotinylate virtually any biological or non-biological surface. Contacting a solution of biotin-spacer-lipid constructs with a surface will form a coating within seconds on non-biological surfaces or within minutes on most biological membranes including membrane viruses. The resultant biotinylated surface can then be used to interact with avidinylated conjugates, beads, vesicles, surfaces or cells.

COVID‐19 antibody screening with SARS‐CoV‐2 red cell kodecytes using routine serologic diagnostic platforms

“…If these kodecytes are then diluted to 1% for CAT technology, this will result in 7 L of reagent red cells, and if 50 μl is used per assay, then 1 mg will enable more than 100,000 CAT assays. Although RBCs were used to prepare kodecytes in this study, FSL constructs can also be attached to noncellular surfaces, 24,33 including microspheres and lateral flow membranes or immobilized cell membranes, opening up further possibilities to develop novel diagnostics.…”

“…Terminology and methodology for describing FSL constructs and the resultant kodecytes are described in detail elsewhere. 24,25 Essentially, the kodecyte is described by the identification (ID) of the FSL's functional head (Table 1) and the micromolar (μmol/L) concentration of the FSL solution used to make it, for example, an 1147-3-kodecyte is a kodecyte made with peptide 1147 at an FSL concentration of 3 μmol/L, while an 1147 + 1255-3 + 5-kodecyte is a dual epitope-bearing kodecyte made with a blend of FSL-1147 and FSL-1255 at respective concentrations of 3 and 5 μmol/ L. The abbreviated term C19-kodecytes was used for the final 1147 + 1255-1.5 + 2.5-kodecyte preparation.…”

A standardized kodecyte method to quantify ABO antibodies in undiluted plasma of patients before ABO‐incompatible kidney transplantation

“…Terminology used to describe Kode Technology is as reported elsewhere . All titers are expressed as a reciprocal of the dilution giving the endpoint reaction.…”

“…Dilutions of function‐spacer‐lipid construct A Type 2 (GALNa3[Fa2]GALb4GLCNb)‐SC2‐L1, Kode Biotech Materials) in RBC preservative solution (Celpresol, Immulab) were used to prepare kodecytes . Stability was assessed by measuring mean cell volume and mean cell hemoglobin concentration at 1 and 21 days and grades of agglutination at weekly intervals, with no changes observed (results not shown).…”

Blood Group O→A Transformation by Chemical Ligation of Erythrocytes

“…Synthetic lipids containing different ligands (glycans, peptides, dyes, biotin, etc.) can be inserted into a variety of cells . The methodology described here, consisting of chemical ligation and lipid insertion at different “storeys” of a cell covering (in this case the RBC glycocalyx), could help resolve numerous tasks of cell biology by using the methods of chemical biology.…”