Rapid Probing of Self-Cleaning Activity on Polyester Coated by Titania–Natural Silica Nanocomposite Using Digital Image-Based Colorimetry

Abstract

Titania−silica nanocomposites (TiO 2 −SiO 2 ) show outstanding performance and is very well applied in photocatalysis. In this research, SiO 2 extracted from Bengkulu beach sand will be used as a supporting material of the TiO 2 photocatalyst for application to polyester fabrics. TiO 2 −SiO 2 nanocomposite photocatalysts were synthesized using the sonochemical method. The coating of the TiO 2 −SiO 2 material on polyester was carried out using the sol−gel-assisted sonochemistry method. The method of determining self-cleaning activity uses a digital image-based colorimetric (DIC) method, which is much simpler than using an analytical instrument. The scanning electron microscopy−energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results showed that the sample particles adhered to the fabric surface and the best particle distribution was shown in pure SiO 2 and 1:0.5 TiO 2 −SiO 2 nanocomposites. Analysis of Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy proved the presence of Ti−O and Si−O bonds as well as the typical spectrum of polyester, which indicated that the fabric had been successfully coated with nanocomposite particles. The analysis of the contact angle of the liquid on the polyester surface showed a significant change in the properties of the TiO 2 and SiO 2 pure coated fabrics, but changes occur only slightly in the other samples. Self-cleaning activity against the degradation of methylene blue dye has been successfully carried out using DIC measurement. The test results showed that the best self-cleaning activity was shown by TiO 2 −SiO 2 nanocomposite with a ratio of 1:0.5 with the degradation ratio reaching 96.8%. Furthermore, the self-cleaning property remains after the washing process, which shows excellent washing resistance.

Tailoring/Tuning Properties of Polyester Urea-Urethanes through Hybridization with Titania Obtained Using the Sol–Gel Process

“…Segmented polyester (urea-urethanes) were obtained via two-stage polymerization method using polycaprolactone diol (PCL-d) as the soft segment and both hexamethylen diisocyanate (HMDI) and using sol-gel coatings of silica and titania nanocomposites on polyester fiber lent behaviors [11]. Studies on TiO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the the PEG molecular weight on flexibility and toughness in hybrid films was Studies have also been carried out on transparent aromatic polyamides (ar titania hybrid films prepared using the sol-gel process with improved elasti photo-stability of the matrix [13].…”

“…The organic-inorganic for different applications, s water pollutant removals w using sol-gel coatings of sil lent behaviors [11]. Studies the PEG molecular weight Studies have also been carr titania hybrid films prepare photo-stability of the matri using the sol-gel method we the resin increases modulus sion resistance, hardness, (PDMS)-modified CaO-SiO process resulting in materia chanical strength [15].…”

“…The polyester (urea-urethanes) (PEUUs) were synthesized using the previously prepared PCL-d as the soft segment; three different molecular weights (530, 1000, and 2000 umas) were assayed. The hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) was used as the hard segment and PEUUs-titania hybrids could be promising candidates in biomedical-related applica due to their great potential for tuning properties which can fit specific requirements The organic-inorganic hybrids based on polymers and titania have been prop for different applications, such as PET covered with titania nanowires and nanorod water pollutant removals with antibacterial activity [10] or self-cleaning textiles obta using sol-gel coatings of silica and titania nanocomposites on polyester fibers with e lent behaviors [11]. Studies on TiO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the influen the PEG molecular weight on flexibility and toughness in hybrid films was studied Studies have also been carried out on transparent aromatic polyamides (aramid)-b titania hybrid films prepared using the sol-gel process with improved elastic natur photo-stability of the matrix [13].…”

“…The organic–inorganic hybrids based on polymers and titania have been proposed for different applications, such as PET covered with titania nanowires and nanorods for water pollutant removals with antibacterial activity [ 10 ] or self-cleaning textiles obtained using sol–gel coatings of silica and titania nanocomposites on polyester fibers with excellent behaviors [ 11 ]. Studies on TiO 2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the influence of the PEG molecular weight on flexibility and toughness in hybrid films was studied [ 12 ].…”

Colorimetric Sensing of Ascorbic Acid Using Cu-Phen MOFs and Subsequent Digital Image Analysis with Smartphone

“…DIC or Digital image colorimetry using a smartphone is a rapidly growing analytical method that received large attention among the analytical chemists due to their simplicity, easy on use, low cost and portable (de Carvalho Oliveira et al, 2022;Firdaus et al, 2023). DIC has been used to determine heavy metals (Firdaus et al, 2014;Firdaus et al, 2019;Masawat et al, 2022;Meelapsom et al, 2022), biomolecules (Firdaus et al, 2022), chemicals in food and textiles industries (Eddy et al, 2023;Masawat et al, 2015;Permana et al, 2023;Yadav et al, 2022), etc. Furthermore, the DIC method can be combined with chemometrics analysis for further application in various fields and samples (Gaião Calixto et al, 2023;Gusti et al, 2021).…”