Rapid quantification of bacterial and fungal growth in burn wounds: biopsy homogenate Gram stain versus microbial culture results

Taddonio, T.E.; Thomson, Philip D.; Tait, M.J.; Prasad, J.K.; Feller, Irving

doi:10.1016/0305-4179(88)90035-6

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Serial dilutions were performed, and skin homogenates were plated in triplicate on blood agar plates (Becton Dickinson). Culture plates were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C and CFUs were counted [10]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoemulsion Therapy for Burn Wounds Is Effective as a Topical Antimicrobial Against Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

Dolgachev

Ciotti

Eisma

et al. 2016

Journal of Burn Care & Research

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Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of two different nanoemulsion formulations against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria in an in vivo rodent scald burn model. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and received a partial-thickness scald burn. Eight hours following burn injury the wound was inoculated with 1x108 colony forming units of Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment groups consisted of two different nanoemulsion formulations (NB-201, NB-402), nanoemulsion vehicle (NE vehicle), or saline. Topical application of the treatment was performed at 16 and 24 hours after burn injury. Animals were euthanized 32 hours after burn injury and skin samples obtained for quantitative wound culture and determination of dermal inflammation markers. In a separate set of experiments, burn wound progression was measured histologically after 72 hours of treatment. Results Both nanoemulsion formulations (NB-201, NB 402) significantly reduced burn wound infections with either Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus, and decreased median bacterial counts at least 3 logs as compared to animals with saline applications (p<0.0001). NB-201 and NB-402 also decreased dermal neutrophil recruitment and sequestration into the wound as measured by myeloperoxidase assay and histopathology (p<0.05). In addition, there was a reduction in the pro-inflammatory dermal cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and the neutrophil chemoattractants CXCL1 and CXCL2. By histology examination, both NB-201 and NB-402 appeared to suppress burn wound progression 72 hours after injury. Conclusions Topically applied NB-201 and NB-402 are effective in decreasing Gram positive and negative bacteria growth in burn wounds, reducing inflammation and abrogating burn wound progression.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoemulsion Therapy for Burn Wounds Is Effective as a Topical Antimicrobial Against Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

Dolgachev

Ciotti

Eisma

et al. 2016

Journal of Burn Care & Research

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“…In this study we included as direct clinical material skin biopsy specimens (14 samples) from infected and noninfected burn wound patients and expectorations from patients with CF (49 samples) and patients without CF (19 samples). Skin biopsy specimens (about 10 mg) were aseptically taken by a surgeon and put in preweighed and autoclave-sterilized microcentrifuge tubes (Eppendorf), one for bacterial culture (26) and one for PCR, and transferred to the laboratory. Once the microcentrifuge tube containing the biopsy specimen arrived in the laboratory, 500 l of the following buffer was added: 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.5), 1 mM EDTA, and 0.5% Tween 20 (nonionic Taqcompatible detergent).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct detection and identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical samples such as skin biopsy specimens and expectorations by multiplex PCR based on two outer membrane lipoprotein genes, oprI and oprL

et al. 1997

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A multiplex PCR test based on the simultaneous amplification of two lipoprotein genes, oprI and oprL, was designed and evaluated for its ability to directly detect fluorescent pseudomonads (amplification of oprI open reading frame, 249 bp) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (amplification of oprL open reading frame, 504 bp) in clinical material. A collection of reference strains including 20 different species of fluorescent pseudomonads was tested. Positive PCR results for both genes were observed only for P. aeruginosa isolates (n ‫؍‬ 150), including strains of clinical and environmental origin, while only one gene, oprI, was amplified from the other fluorescent pseudomonads. All other bacteria tested (n ‫؍‬ 15) were negative by the amplification test. The lower detection level for P. aeruginosa was estimated to be 10 2 cells/ml. Preliminary evaluation on testing skin biopsy specimens from patients with burns (n ‫؍‬ 14) and sputum samples from cystic fibrosis patients (n ‫؍‬ 49) and other patients (n ‫؍‬ 19) showed 100% sensitivity and 74% specificity in comparison with culture. This multiplex PCR assay appears promising for the rapid and sensitive detection of P. aeruginosa in clinical specimens. Further evaluation of its specificity in longitudinal clinical studies is warranted.

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“…Overall, the degree of correlation between surface swab Gram stain and culture in that study was found to be fair. While Gram staining may provide an index of the degree of microbial colonization of the burn wound (125,422), it is not suitable for diagnosing burn wound infection and does not provide information on the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of microbes colonizing or infecting the burn wound.…”

Section: Analysis Of Burn Wound Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burn Wound Infections

Church

Elsayed

Reid³

et al. 2006

Clin Microbiol Rev

1,622

1,345

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SUMMARYBurns are one of the most common and devastating forms of trauma. Patients with serious thermal injury require immediate specialized care in order to minimize morbidity and mortality. Significant thermal injuries induce a state of immunosuppression that predisposes burn patients to infectious complications. A current summary of the classifications of burn wound infections, including their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, is given. Early excision of the eschar has substantially decreased the incidence of invasive burn wound infection and secondary sepsis, but most deaths in severely burn-injured patients are still due to burn wound sepsis or complications due to inhalation injury. Burn patients are also at risk for developing sepsis secondary to pneumonia, catheter-related infections, and suppurative thrombophlebitis. The introduction of silver-impregnated devices (e.g., central lines and Foley urinary catheters) may reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections due to prolonged placement of these devices. Improved outcomes for severely burned patients have been attributed to medical advances in fluid resuscitation, nutritional support, pulmonary and burn wound care, and infection control practices.

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Rapid quantification of bacterial and fungal growth in burn wounds: biopsy homogenate Gram stain versus microbial culture results

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Nanoemulsion Therapy for Burn Wounds Is Effective as a Topical Antimicrobial Against Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

Nanoemulsion Therapy for Burn Wounds Is Effective as a Topical Antimicrobial Against Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

Direct detection and identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical samples such as skin biopsy specimens and expectorations by multiplex PCR based on two outer membrane lipoprotein genes, oprI and oprL

Burn Wound Infections

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