“…Gastropods are a taxonomic class that represents significant problem as aliens, causing a multitude of environmental and socioeconomic impacts in many habitats. In Hawai'i, they have been implicated as a major threat to native plants (Joe & Daehler, 2008) and snails (Curry et al, 2016;Meyer & Cowie, 2010), and have been suggested to harm native species in aquatic habitats (Darwall, Smith, Tweddle, & Skelton, 2009;Miranda & Perissinotto, 2012). Further, many gastropods have been the cause of significant problems in agriculture (Barker, 2002;Coupland & Baker, 1995;Nash & Hoffmann, 2012), resulting in economic losses by reducing yield and leading to rejection of exports (Charwat, Davies, & Fraser, 1995;Cowie, Hayes, Tran, & Meyer, 2008;Moran, Gotlib, & Yaakov, 2004).…”