Rapid Reservoir Modeling: Prototyping of Reservoir Models, Well Trajectories and Development Options using an Intuitive, Sketch-Based Interface

Jackson, Matthew D.; Hampson, Gary J.; Rood, Dylan H.; Geiger, Sebastian; Zhang, Z.; Sousa, Mário Costa; Amorim, Ronan; Brazil, Emilio Vital; Samavati, Faramarz; Guimaraes, L.N.

doi:10.2118/173237-ms

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…This avoids timeconsuming mechanical simulation where physical parameters can be difficult to choose. As a result, the presented fault operator can be run interactively and could be useful to sketch three-dimensional models and tectonic history (Jessell, 1981;Jackson et al, 2015;Wellmann et al, 2015;Laurent et al, 2015;Godefroy et al, 2017). Our workflow could also be used to assess structural and kinematic uncertainties by looking not only for the best solution to the optimization but also for a set of acceptable solutions (Cardozo et al, 2011), opening the way to a multi-scenario analysis of fault-kinematics and fault-seal properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A parametric fault displacement model to introduce kinematic control into modeling faults from sparse data

et al. 2018

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Fault-related displacements impact oil and gas flow predictions at reservoir scales. In this contribution, we integrate a quantitative description of fault-related deformation directly embedded into the structural modeling workflow. Consistent fault displacements are produced by using numerical fault operators that deform horizons in accordance with theoretical isolated fault displacement models to generate kinematically consistent structural models.We compare structural modeling approaches based on such fault operators with those relying on interpolation. Several synthetic cross-sections are generated from a reference high-resolution structural model of the Santos Basin, Brazil. Models are reconstructed from this 2D synthetic sparse dataset using both methods. Their ability to produce consistent structural models is assessed by comparing reconstructed and reference models. On this example, kinematic modeling improves the quality of automatically generated models when only few and poor quality observations are available, thus reducing the time needed for structural validation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A parametric fault displacement model to introduce kinematic control into modeling faults from sparse data

et al. 2018

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“…Although using a simplified model means results are not quantitatively correct, the relative heterogeneity between models can still be estimated. Various types of flow diagnostics computed with finite-volume methods have been utilized to develop proxies that differentiate between macroscopic and microscopic sweep improvements resulting from polymer injection [13], to optimize waterflood performance [5,19,20], to validate rapid prototyping of reservoir models [9], in production data integration [23], to rank downscaled models in chemical EOR [35] or validate upscaling methods [16,22], and to cluster [36] or initialize [3] data-driven models, to mention a few applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of flow diagnostics to rank model ensembles

2021

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Ensembles of geomodels provide an opportunity to investigate a range of parameters and possible operational outcomes for a reservoir. Full-featured dynamic modelling of all ensemble members is often computationally unfeasible, however some form of modelling, allowing us to discriminate between ensemble members based on their flow characteristics, is required. Flow diagnostics (based on a single-phase, steady-state simulation) can provide tools for analysing flow patterns in reservoir models but can be calculated in a much shorter time than a full-physics simulation. Heterogeneity measures derived from flow diagnostics can be used as proxies for oil recovery. More advanced flow diagnostic techniques can also be used to estimate recovery. With these tools we can rank ensemble members and choose a subset of models, representing a range of possible outcomes, which can then be simulated further. We demonstrate two types of flow diagnostics. The first are based on volume-averaged travel times, calculated on a cell by cell basis from a given flow field. The second use residence time distributions, which take longer to calculate but are more accurate and allow for direct estimation of recovery volumes. Additionally we have developed new metrics which work better for situations where we have a non-uniform initial saturation, e.g., a reservoir with an oil cap. Three different ensembles are analysed: Egg, Norne, and Brugge. Very good correlation, in terms of model ranking and recovery estimates, is found between flow diagnostics and full simulations for all three ensembles using both the cell-averaged and residence time based diagnostics.

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“…A number of studies have also proposed the use of SBIM in geological modelling (e.g. Amorim et al 2012Amorim et al , 2014Lidal et al 2013;Natali et al 2014a, b;Jackson et al 2015a;Costa Sousa et al 2020). SBIM in this context is based on the concept of using surfaces to capture geological architecture and heterogeneity (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Geological domains, bounded by surfaces, can be defined without reference to an underlying grid or mesh (e.g. Jacquemyn et al 2019), although a mesh may be created that conforms to the modelled surfaces when a numerical calculation is required (Jackson et al 2015a;Zhang et al 2018). The emphasis on surfaces and surface-bounded domains closely matches how geoscientists conceptualize and represent geological interpretations in traditional tools such as maps, crosssections and block diagrams.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The code also includes a flow diagnostics module to provide direct quantitative evaluation of such models. The aim of this paper is not to describe the numerical implementation in detail; a summary is provided, and other publications elsewhere describe the numerical algorithms and underpinning SBIM design concepts (Jackson et al 2015a). Rather, we focus on how SBIM has been adapted and implemented for geological modelling, and on demonstrating its utility in rapidly testing different interpretations for subsurface reservoirs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sketch-based interface and modelling of stratigraphy and structure in three dimensions

Jacquemyn

Pataki

Hampson

et al. 2021

JGS

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Geological modelling is widely used to predict resource potential in subsurface reservoirs. However, modelling is often slow, requires use of mathematical methods that are unfamiliar to many geoscientists and is implemented in expert software. We demonstrate here an alternative approach using Sketch-Based Interface and Modelling (SBIM) that allows rapid creation of complex three-dimensional (3D) models from 2D sketches. Sketches, either on vertical cross-sections or in map-view, are converted to 3D surfaces that outline geological interpretations. A suite of geological operators is proposed that handle interactions between the surfaces to form a geologically realistic 3D model. These operators deliver the flexibility to sketch a geological model in any order and provide an intuitive framework for geoscientists to rapidly create 3D models. Two case studies are presented, demonstrating scenarios in which different approaches to model sketching are used depending on the geological setting and available data. These case studies show the strengths of sketching with geological operators. Sketched 3D models can be queried visually or quantitatively to provide insights into heterogeneity distribution, facies connectivity or dynamic model behaviour; this information cannot be obtained by sketching in 2D or on paper.Supplementary material:https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5303043

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Rapid Reservoir Modeling: Prototyping of Reservoir Models, Well Trajectories and Development Options using an Intuitive, Sketch-Based Interface

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

A parametric fault displacement model to introduce kinematic control into modeling faults from sparse data

A parametric fault displacement model to introduce kinematic control into modeling faults from sparse data

The use of flow diagnostics to rank model ensembles

Sketch-based interface and modelling of stratigraphy and structure in three dimensions

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