Rapid review: next generation of cord blood banks; transplantation and beyond

Querol, Sergio; Samarkanova, Dinara

doi:10.1111/trf.15466

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…To obtain standardized CB platelet concentrates (CBPC) the units were centrifuged twice (at 210 g and 2000 g in a Beckman Coulter Inc, USA, equipped with a SX4750A ARIES swinging bucket rotor). The acceptance criteria for CBPC 19 , 40 includes: platelet count—1000 ± 200 × 10 9 /L, almost absence of leukocytes (≤ 0.5 × 10 9 /L) and erythrocytes (≤ 0.1 × 10 12 /L) in a volume 7–30 mL. These CBPC samples then underwent 3 freeze/thaw cycles 41 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cord blood and amniotic membrane extract eye drop preparations display immune-suppressive and regenerative properties

Samarkanova

Cox

Hernandez

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Diseases and injuries that compromise the ocular surface cause considerable patient distress and have long term consequences for their quality of life. Treatment modalities that can address the delicate balance of tissue regeneration, inflammation and maintenance of corneal transparency are therefore needed. We have recently formulated two novel eye drops from placental tissues: cord blood platelet lysate (CBED) and amniotic membrane extract eye drops (AMED), which can be used to treat severe ocular disorders. Here we characterise these two preparations by measuring: (a) growth factors (GF) and cytokines composition, (b) promotion of human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) growth and (c) effects on immune cells in a lymphocyte culture assay. Finally, their bioavailability was assayed in an ex vivo porcine corneal model. We show that both preparations contain GF and cytokines that were able to promote the in vitro growth of HCEC and support repair in an in vitro scratch test. When assessed in a lymphocyte culture, both favoured immune suppression reducing the cellular expression of NKG2D and CD107a as well as the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in natural killer, NKT and T cells. Regarding bioavailability, CBED active molecules were found mainly in the pre-corneal fraction with some penetration into the corneal fraction, in an ex vivo model. In summary, both placental-derived allogeneic preparations, CBED and AMED, display regenerative and immunomodulatory capabilities. These results will help define mechanisms of action and the best indications and doses of each product for use in a particular patient and support the development of off-the-shelf therapies for ocular surface pathologies in which wound healing defects and inflammatory events are contributing factors.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cord blood and amniotic membrane extract eye drop preparations display immune-suppressive and regenerative properties

Samarkanova

Cox

Hernandez

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…This represents a source of CB well suited for other applications. CB banks have the advantage of making available HLA‐typed genetically diverse cells, as starting material for off‐the‐shelf personalized therapies 78 . Ethical review will be required to develop a reconsenting procedure for repurposing already banked CB units and a new informed consent process will need to be developed to obtain permission for new uses of the CB product 79,80 .…”

Section: Future Developments Beyond Stem Cell Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CB banks have the advantage of making available HLA-typed genetically diverse cells, as starting material for off-the-shelf personalized therapies. 78 Ethical review will be required to develop a reconsenting procedure for repurposing already banked CB units and a new informed consent process will need to be developed to obtain permission for new uses of the CB product. 79,80 Throughout these developments the essential value of the altruistic gift that the donor originally expressed must be maintained.…”

Section: Future Developments Beyond Stem Cell Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The wider perspective: cord blood banks and their future prospects

2021

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Summary Over the past three decades, cord blood transplantation (CBT) has established its role as an alternative allograft stem cell source. But the future of stored CB units should be to extend their use in updated transplant approaches and develop new CB applications. Thus, CBT will require a coordinated, multicentric, review of transplantation methods and an upgrade and realignment of banking resources and operations. Significant improvements have already been proposed to support the clinical perspective including definition of the cellular threshold for engraftment, development of transplantation methods for adult patients, engraftment acceleration with single cell expansion and homing technologies, personalised protocols to improve efficacy, use of adoptive cell therapy to mitigate delayed immune reconstitution, and further enhancement of the graft‐versus‐leukaemia effect using advanced therapies. The role of CB banks in improving transplantation results are also critical by optimizing the collection, processing, storage and characterization of CB units, and improving reproducibility, efficiency and cost of banking. But future developments beyond transplantation are needed. This implies the extension from transplantation banks to banks that support cell therapy, regenerative medicine and specialized transfusion medicine. This new “CB banking 2.0” concept will require promotion of international scientific and technical collaborations between bank specialists, clinical investigators and transplant physicians.

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“…A detailed discussion of the in vitro uses and in vivo therapeutic applications of these novel CB components is outside the scope of this article. The interested reader can find the encouraging, preliminary evidences so far reported in several reviews (Petrini, 2012;Querol and Samarkanova, 2019;Rebulla et al, 2019;Samarkanova et al, 2020a) and laboratory studies (Parazzi et al, 2010;Cox et al, 2015;Parazzi et al, 2015;Ferri et al, 2016;Longo et al, 2016;Rebulla et al, 2016;Shirzad et al, 2017;Stokhuijzen et al, 2017;Christou et al, 2018;Cox et al, 2018;Valentini et al, 2019;Samarkanova et al, 2020b;Rallapalli et al, 2021). A selection of published investigations on the clinical use of CB platelets, plasma and red blood cells in wound healing, ophthalmology, neonatal and pediatric transfusion is reported in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To increase this number to the desired target, the 6 CB programs have collected a median of 7142 (2365-13081) units per year during 2016–2020 (note that the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated restrictions have substantially reduced collection activities during 2020). From all collected units, only 13% ( Petrini, 2012 ; Cox et al, 2015 ; Cox et al, 2018 ; Querol and Samarkanova, 2019 ; Rebulla et al, 2019 ; Samarkanova et al, 2020a ; Samarkanova et al, 2020b ) have finally been processed for transplantation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Apparent Waste Into Biologicals: The Case of Umbilical Cord Blood in Italy and Spain

Rebulla

Querol

Pupella³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Most public cord blood banking programs are currently facing financial difficulties due to a progressive decline in the number of cord blood transplants performed worldwide and to a high discard rate of the donated units caused by progressively increasing thresholds of the stem cell dose required to perform safe and effective hemopoietic cord blood transplants. Recycling a proportion of unused cord blood units to prepare novel cord blood components obtained with minimal manipulation (platelets, plasma, red blood cells) and to develop more technologically complex products regulated in the US as Cellular and Gene Therapy Products and in Europe as Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products [e.g. virus-specific T cells (VST), natural killer (NK) cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is a promising strategy to increase the therapeutic value and reduce the financial deficits of public cord blood banking. Based on encouraging preliminary evidences reported in the literature, additional laboratory studies, large multicenter clinical trials and international regulatory harmonization are necessary to achieve these important goals. This article describes organizational, methodological and regulatory advancements developed in Italy and Spain to promote the clinical use of cord blood platelets, plasma and red blood cells.

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Rapid review: next generation of cord blood banks; transplantation and beyond

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Cord blood and amniotic membrane extract eye drop preparations display immune-suppressive and regenerative properties

Cord blood and amniotic membrane extract eye drop preparations display immune-suppressive and regenerative properties

The wider perspective: cord blood banks and their future prospects

Recycling Apparent Waste Into Biologicals: The Case of Umbilical Cord Blood in Italy and Spain

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