Until now, water quality monitoring has relied on spot sampling followed by instrumental analytical measurements to determine pollutant concentrations. Despite a number of advantages, this procedure has considerable limitations in terms of temporal and spatial resolution. The passive sampling techniques, which basically consist of concentrating substances on a submerged device for a given period and analysing accumulated substances, should improve the monitoring practices by simplifying analytical issues (lower detection limits, analysis in a simpler matrix) and allowing time integration of the contamination. The performance and potential applications of passive sampling for water quality monitoring in coastal and marine environments are described.