Rapid synthesis of rutile TiO 2 powders using microwave heating

The design of new magnetic-photocatalyst nanocomposites (CoFe2O4–TiO2) as smart nanomaterials for recyclable-photocatalysis applications

“…[29][30][31][32] Investigations show that the peak at 456 cm À1 could be due to the degeneration of the E g peak as a result of the symmetric bending of O-Ti-O in the {001} plane with the opposite movement of O atoms across O-Ti-O bonds. 33 On the other hand, the peak appearing at 622 cm À1 (A 1g ) could be explained by the symmetric stretching of O-Ti-O bond in the {110} plane. The broad Raman peak at around 248 cm À1 could be ascribed to the second order scattering or disorder effects upon the interaction of the laser with the TiO 2 microspheres.…”

Synthesis of graphene oxide/metal–organic frameworks hybrid materials for enhanced removal of Methylene blue in acidic and alkaline solutions

“…59 The use of microwave energy to directly heat chemical reactions has become a popular technique 60 and has been widely used in many fields, such as drying products of the chemical industry, preparing active carbon and vulcanizing rubber. 61 On the other hand, high-energy ball milling can effectively suppress grain growth and refine crystalline particles. 62 In recent years, there have been few reports on the use of Ni-MOFs for the removal of toxic dyes from wastewater.…”

“…Microwave heating can speed up the chemical reaction because of the specific microwave effects . The use of microwave energy to directly heat chemical reactions has become a popular technique and has been widely used in many fields, such as drying products of the chemical industry, preparing active carbon and vulcanizing rubber . On the other hand, high‐energy ball milling can effectively suppress grain growth and refine crystalline particles .…”

Multi-scale investigation of the formation and properties of high-grade rutile TiO 2 from titanium slags using microwave heating

“…Microwaves are electromagnetic waves that have a frequency range from around 0.3 GHz to 300 GHz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 1 m to 1 mm [ 14 , 15 ]. Microwave irradiation technology is widely used in the metallurgy and materials industry, as its heating is uniform, i.e.…”