Rapid thermal rejuvenation of high-crystallinity magma linked to porphyry copper deposit formation; evidence from the Koloula Porphyry Prospect, Solomon Islands

Tapster, Simon; Condon, Daniel J.; Naden, Jonathan; Noble, Stephen R.; Petterson, Michael G.; Roberts, Nick M.W.; Saunders, Andrew D.; Smith, Daniel J.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.02.046

Cited by 91 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Our modelling results quantitatively account for the association between supergiant porphyry Cu deposits (>10 Mt of Cu at 50% efficiency) and magmas with Sr/Y values between ~50 and ~15012 (Figs 5 and 6). In fact, in our model this range of natural Sr/Y values associated with major porphyry copper deposits corresponds to timescales (t) and crustal levels (P) of magma accumulation that are the most favourable for the development of the largest and H 2 O-richest magma volumes (Figs 3a and 5a,b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Stochastic modelling of deep magmatic controls on porphyry copper deposit endowment

Chiaradia

Caricchi

2017

Sci Rep

139

133

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Porphyry deposits, our main source of copper and of significant amounts of Mo, Re and Au, form at convergent margins in association with intermediate-felsic magmas. Although it is accepted that copper is transported and precipitated by fluids released by these magmas, the magmatic processes leading to the formation of economic deposits remain elusive. Here we perform Monte Carlo petrological and geochemical modelling to quantitatively link crustal magmatic processes and the geochemical signatures of magmas (i.e., Sr/Y) to the formation of porphyry Cu deposits of different sizes. Our analysis shows that economic deposits (particularly the largest ones) may only form in association with magma accumulated in the lower-middle crust (P > ~0.5 GPa) during ≥2–3 Ma, and subsequently transferred to and degassed in the upper crust over periods of up to ~2.0 Ma. Magma accumulation and evolution at shallower depths (<~0.4 GPa) dramatically reduces the potential of magmatic systems to produce economic deposits. Our modelling also predicts the association of the largest porphyry deposits with a specific Sr/Y interval (~100 ± 50) of the associated magmatic rocks, which is virtually identical to the range measured in giant porphyry copper deposits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Stochastic modelling of deep magmatic controls on porphyry copper deposit endowment

Chiaradia

Caricchi

2017

Sci Rep

139

133

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“…Chemically abraded zircon (Mattinson, 2005) from sample JP15 analyzed by isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry following the method of Tapster et al (2016) yielded a 230 Th-corrected 206 Pb/ 238 U weighted mean age of 0.8185 ± 0.0087/0.0096 Ma (± 2 sigma analytical/total uncertainty; n = 4, Mean Square Weighted Deviation (MSWD) = 0.13) from the youngest population interpreted as best estimate for emplacement. Two additional grains yielded ages of~0.9 Ma that were excluded from the weighted mean age calculation (Figure 2a).…”

Section: Zircon U-pb (Ca-id-tims)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Exhumation of Earth's Youngest Exposed Granites Driven by Subduction of an Oceanic Arc

Spencer

Danišík

Ito

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Exhumation of plutonic systems is driven by a range of mechanisms including isostatic, tectonic, and erosional processes. Variable rates of plutonic exhumation in active subduction systems may be driven by idiosyncrasies of regional geology or by first‐order tectonic features. We report new age, isotope, and low‐temperature thermochronology constraints of granitoids from the Hida Mountains of central Japan that constrain the highest rates and magnitude of plutonic rock exhumation within the Japan and one of the highest worldwide. This extreme exhumation is centered on the apex of a lithospheric scale anticlinorium associated with the subduction of the Izu‐Bonin oceanic arc. The spatial and temporal relationship between the exhumation of these Pleistocene plutons and the subducting/accreting Izu‐Bonin oceanic arc links the plate‐scale geodynamics and regional exhumation patterns. Identifying thermochronological anomalies within magmatic arcs provides an opportunity to identify ancient asperities previously subducted and responsible for rapid exhumation rates within ancient subduction systems.

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“…Based on the pulsed hydrothermal process suggested here, together with cyclic mineralization processes constrained by recent high-precision U-Pb and Re-Os dating, titanium diffusion modeling, and concentric excess aluminum in plagioclase (Mercer et al, 2015;Spencer et al, 2015;Tapster et al, 2016;Williamson et al, 2016;Li et al, 2017a), we propose that a pulsed magmatic-hydrothermal process is common in the formation of porphyry deposits. Such a process is most likely controlled by periodic fluid release during gradual cooling of the source pluton at depth (Chelle-Michou et al, 2017), although a decline in the amount of melt and fluid associated with multiple recharging events is a competitive alternative mechanism.…”

Section: Pulsed Magmatic-hydrothermal Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a process is most likely controlled by periodic fluid release during gradual cooling of the source pluton at depth (Chelle-Michou et al, 2017), although a decline in the amount of melt and fluid associated with multiple recharging events is a competitive alternative mechanism. By inference, the lifetime of the source pluton is estimated to be hundreds of thousands of years, with much shorter durations (tens of thousands of years) for the fluid release events (Mercer et al, 2015;Buret et al, 2016;Tapster et al, 2016;Chelle-Michou et al, 2017;Li et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Pulsed Magmatic-hydrothermal Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such an assumption is used in numerical simulations to provide insights into the hydrothermal controls of ore formation. In contrast, a pulsed hydrothermal process is obvious for active magmatic systems, and also has been proposed for the formation of porphyry deposits, as shown by high-precision U-Pb zircon and Re-Os molybdenite dating (Stein, 2014;Spencer et al, 2015;Buret et al, 2016;Tapster et al, 2016;Li et al, 2017a). However, the duration of a geological event could be significantly underestimated from a relatively small number (e.g., <10) of chronologic determinations (Glazner and Sadler, 2016); hence, the intermittent pulses inferred from radiometric dating could be biased from dating a protracted event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulsed magmatic fluid release for the formation of porphyry deposits: Tracing fluid evolution in absolute time from the Tibetan Qulong Cu-Mo deposit

Yang

Selby

et al. 2017

Geology

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The magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of porphyry-style mineralization in the shallow crust that is linked to magmatic processes at depth has been extensively studied using bulksample isotopic analysis combined with relative timing constraints. However, a lack of evaluation of the fluid evolution process against an absolute time frame limits further understanding of the ore-forming process. Here, we quantify the fluid evolution process within an absolute time frame for the first time by integrating new in situ oxygen isotope data from the Qulong porphyry Cu-Mo deposit (Tibet) with existing fluid inclusion data and high-precision Re-Os dates of co-precipitated hydrothermal quartz and molybdenite, respectively. We demonstrate that vein quartz records primary oxygen isotopic compositions and reached oxygen isotope equilibrium with ore-forming fluids, and therefore is an archive of the isotopic composition and source of the ore-forming fluids. The δ

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Rapid thermal rejuvenation of high-crystallinity magma linked to porphyry copper deposit formation; evidence from the Koloula Porphyry Prospect, Solomon Islands

Cited by 91 publications

References 58 publications

Stochastic modelling of deep magmatic controls on porphyry copper deposit endowment

Stochastic modelling of deep magmatic controls on porphyry copper deposit endowment

Rapid Exhumation of Earth's Youngest Exposed Granites Driven by Subduction of an Oceanic Arc

Pulsed magmatic fluid release for the formation of porphyry deposits: Tracing fluid evolution in absolute time from the Tibetan Qulong Cu-Mo deposit

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