Rapid transformation of lamination parameters into stacking sequences

Abstract

Lamination parameter optimisation is a highly efficient type of composite optimisation. An equally efficient transformation of lamination parameters into stacking sequences is not yet available. This paper presents a general method for rapidly transforming lamination parameters into continuous stacking sequences. Systematic studies of the relationship between lamination parameters and stacking sequences provide a broad understanding of the transformation problem. An important finding is that multiple stacking sequences share the same lamination parameter set. The transformation is therefore not unique and has to account for multiple layup solutions. The layup retrieval algorithm uses primitive optimisation techniques to search for all optima in the layup space. Admissible ply angles and layer numbers are hereby not restricted. In two representative examples, the authors show the algorithm's capabilities of finding all stacking sequence solutions of a twelve layer laminate and of finding multiple stacking sequence solutions for arbitrary layer numbers. This makes the algorithm applicable for stacking sequence retrieval, the last step in lamination parameter optimisation.

Low velocity impact response of non-traditional double-double laminates

“…However, designing structures with these materials is challenging, primarily when the aim is to optimize the number of layers and fiber orientation. [1][2][3][4][5] The challenge is even more daunting when optimization requires the number of layers to decline progressively across the laminate, such as in beam design and aircraft coating. Fewer layers result in a sharp drop in properties with the removal of laminas and the properties obtained in this region may differ from those required in the structure.…”

Integrated design for the forming process and structural performance of variable-thickness laminates

“…The variable-thickness (VT) design of composite laminates, which can alter the mechanical properties of different partitions by specifying different ply quantities, orientations, and stacking sequences, is considered as one of the most effective ways to fully exploit the designability and maximize the efficiency of structures. The design of such load-tailored and locally varying composite structure remains a challenge, and the related optimization methods are constantly being innovated, such as the blending approaches, [1][2][3][4] the design methods developed from a topology perspective, [5][6][7] the bilevel design method, 8 and multistep method. 9,10 Additionally, the smear-stiffness method packaged in OptiStruct are also popular ways.…”