Rapid variability in the synchrotron self-Compton model for blazars

Chiaberge, M.; Ghisellini, G.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02538.x

Cited by 228 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Some more complex models additionally are taking into account the light-crossing time effect (e.g. Chiaberge & Ghisellini 1999;Sokolov et al 2004;Graff et al 2008).…”

Section: Injection Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first part of this work we use the relatively simple model proposed by Chiaberge & Ghisellini (1999) and improved by Katarzynski et al (2008). The model assumes particle acceleration by a shock wave inside a jet.…”

Section: Injection Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The source volume was divided into 10×10×10 cells. Summing the emissions of the cells in the proper way (detailed description in Chiaberge & Ghisellini 1999) makes it possible to simulate this effect.…”

Section: Injection Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the correlation between the X-ray and gamma-ray emission in TeV blazars

Walczewska¹

2010

A&A

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Aims. The observations of TeV blazars published recently show an unexpected quadratic or even cubic correlation between the X-ray and gamma-ray emission. A standard model of the synchrotron self-Compton emission of a compact source inside a jet is not able to explain such a correlation. Therefore, we propose an alternative scenario where the emission of at least two independent compact components is observed at the same time. Methods. We compare two different models. The first model assumes the injection of relativistic particles into a downstream region of a shock wave inside a jet that creates the emitting source. The model precisely describes the evolution of the particle energy spectrum inside the source and takes into account a light-crossing time effect for the produced radiation. The second model assumes an intrinsically constant emission of a homogeneous source that travels inside the jet along a curved trajectory, where the activity is produced simply by different values of the source's Doppler factor. To verify the two models we use recently published observations of Mrk 421. Results. Our simulations show that simultaneous radiation of at least two independent sources, where the first source dominates the emission in the X-ray range and the second source radiates strongly in the gamma-ray range, can explain the observed correlations. However, the injection model provides inadequate results because it gives different values for the correlation of the rise and decay of a flare. This problem is negligible in the scenario that uses the Doppler boosting effect. Therefore, this approach yields much better results.

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“…Some more complex models additionally are taking into account the light-crossing time effect (e.g. Chiaberge & Ghisellini 1999;Sokolov et al 2004;Graff et al 2008).…”

Section: Injection Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Injection Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the correlation between the X-ray and gamma-ray emission in TeV blazars

Walczewska¹

2010

A&A

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“…In the model computation, the geometry of the source is assumed to be spherical, and electrons are constantly injected to reach equilibrium. Synchrotron and SSC losses are taken into account, while electrons can escape from the source with a typical timescale given by t esc (see Chiaberge & Ghisellini 1999). The minimum energy of the injected electron distribution, together with the escape time, are set so as to not overpredict the emission of the lower energy electrons in both the synchrotron and inverse Compton components (i.e., the flat regions of the SED in the radio and X-ray).…”

Section: Spectral Energy Distribution and Emission Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Infrared‐dominated Jet of 3C 401

Chiaberge

Sparks

Macchetto

et al. 2005

ApJ

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We present a Hubble Space Telescope image of the FR II radio galaxy 3C 401, obtained at 1.6 m with NICMOS, in which we identify the infrared counterpart of the brightest region of the radio jet. The jet has a complex radio structure and brightens where bending occurs, most likely as a result of relativistic beaming. We analyze archival data in the radio, optical, and X-ray bands, and we derive its spectral energy distribution. Unlike all of the previously known optical extragalactic jets, the jet in 3C 401 is not detected in the X-rays, even in a long 48 ks X-ray Chandra exposure, and the infrared emission dominates the overall spectral energy distribution (SED). We propose that the dominant radiation mechanism of this jet is synchrotron. The low X-ray emission is then caused by two different effects: (1) the lack of any strong external photon field and (2) the shape of the electron distribution. This affects the location of the synchrotron peak in the SED, resulting in a sharp cutoff at energies lower than the X-rays. Thus 3C 401 shows a new type of jet, with intermediate spectral properties between those of FR I galaxies, which are dominated by synchrotron emission up to X-ray energies, and FR II galaxies/QSOs, which show strong highenergy emission due to inverse Compton scattering of external photons. This might indicate the presence of a continuous ''sequence'' in the properties of large-scale jets, analogous to the ''blazar sequence'' already proposed for subparsec-scale jets.

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“…Mastichiadis & Kirk (1997), Dermer et al (1997), Chiaberge & Ghisellini (1999), Sokolov et al (2004) and Böttcher (2007). Here, we investigate analytically the influence of a nonlinear electron synchrotron cooling on the synchrotron self-Compton process following the analysis of the flaring of TeV blazars due to the synchrotron self-Compton process for a linear synchrotron radiation cooling behaviour of the injected electrons (Schlickeiser & Röken 2008), where a δ-distribution approximation (Reynolds 1982;Dermer & Schlickeiser 1993) was used for the computation of the inverse Compton scattering rateṅ s .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron self-Compton flaring of TeV blazars

Röken

Schlickeiser

2009

A&A

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A theoretical radiation model for the flaring of TeV blazars is discussed here for the case of a nonlinear electron synchrotron cooling in these sources. We compute analytically the optically thick and thin synchrotron radiation intensities and photon density distributions in the emission knot as functions of frequency and time followed by the synchrotron self-Compton intensity and fluence in the optically thin frequency range using the Thomson approximation of the inverse Compton cross section. At all times and frequencies, the optically thin part of the synchrotron radiation process is shown to provide the dominant contribution to the synchrotron self-Compton quantities, while the optically thick part is always negligible. Afterwards, we compare the linear to the nonlinear synchrotron radiation cooling model using the data record of PKS 2155-304 on MJD 53944 favouring a linear cooling of the injected monoenergetic electrons. The good agreement of both the linear and the nonlinear cooling model with the data supports the relativistic pickup process operating in this source. Additionally, we discuss the synchrotron self-Compton scattering, applying the full Klein-Nishina cross section to achieve the most accurate results for the synchrotron self-Compton intensity and fluence distributions.

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Rapid variability in the synchrotron self-Compton model for blazars

Cited by 228 publications

References 19 publications

On the correlation between the X-ray and gamma-ray emission in TeV blazars

On the correlation between the X-ray and gamma-ray emission in TeV blazars

The Infrared‐dominated Jet of 3C 401

Synchrotron self-Compton flaring of TeV blazars

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