Rapidity dependence of heavy-flavour production in heavy-ion collisions within a full 3+1 transport approach: quenching, elliptic and directed flow

Beraudo, A.; Pace, A. De; Monteno, M.; Nardi, M.; Prino, F.

doi:10.1007/jhep05(2021)279

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…There are various sources contributing to the directed flow. It has been proposed that the size and sign of v 1 could depend on the deformation of the initial medium geometry, the baryon current, the equation of state of nuclear matter and also hadronic rescatterings [40,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49], although their quantitative relative contributions are still open questions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It takes into account the asymmetry along the impact parameter direction (x) at different spacetime rapidity (η s ) which generates a counter-clockwise tilt of the initial fireball in the x-η s plane. This initialization method has been found successful in understanding the directed flow of not only the soft hadron, but also the heavy flavor mesons [40,[48][49][50] after coupling the heavy quark evolution model to the titled QGP medium. Following the idea of Bozėk-Wyskiel, we developed an alternative initialization ansatz (CCNU parametrization) of the longitudinal distribution of the nuclear matter in an earlier study [51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal distribution of initial energy density and directed flow of charged particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Jiang,

Cao,

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We study the origin of the directed flow of charged particles produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Three different initial conditions, Bozėk-Wyskiel, CCNU and Shen-Alzhrani, of energy density distributions are coupled to the (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model CLVisc, and their effects on the development of the anisotropic medium geometry, pressure gradient and radial flow are systematically compared. By comparing to experimental data at both RHIC and LHC, we find that the directed flow provides a unique constraint on the tilt of the initial medium profile in the plane spanned by the impact parameter and space-time rapidity. Within midrapidity, the counter-clockwise tilt is shown to be a crucial source of the positive/negative force by the pressure gradient along the impact parameter (x) direction at backward/forward rapidity, which drives a negative slope of the x component of the medium flow velocity with respect to rapidity, and in the end the same feature of the charged particle directed flow.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal distribution of initial energy density and directed flow of charged particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Jiang,

Cao,

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It was proposed that due to the asymmetric distribution of nuclear matter along the longitudinal direction, the heavy meson could be more than an order of magnitude larger than the light flavor hadrons emitted from QGP [27][28][29]. This was soon confirmed by the STAR measurement [30] and attracted many further studies [31][32][33] that couple various transport models to a tilted QGP fireball in the reaction plane [34]. Meanwhile, the splitting of ( ) between heavy quarks and their anti-particles is also considered an effective tool to probe the extremely strong electromagnetic field generated by non-central heavy-ion collisions because of the opposite Lorentz forces exerted on them [27,28,31,33,35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between heavy quarks and tilted QGP fireballs in 200 A GeV Au+Au collisions*

Jiang¹,

Cao²,

Xing³

et al. 2023

Chinese Phys. C

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Heavy quark observables are applied to probe the initial energy density distribution with violation of longitudinal boost invariance produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using an improved Langevin model coupled to a (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model, we study the nuclear modification factor (RAA), directed flow (v1) and elliptic flow (v2) coefficients of heavy mesons and their decayed electrons at the RHIC energy. We find that the counter-clockwise tilt of the nuclear matter in the reaction plane results in a positive (negative) heavy flavor v1 in the backward (forward) rapidity region, whose magnitude increases with the heavy quark transverse momentum. The difference in the heavy flavor RAA between different angular regions is also proposed as a complementary tool to characterize the asymmetry of the medium profile. Our model results are consistent with currently available data at RHIC and provide predictions that can be tested by future measurements.

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“…More detailed studies have later been performed in Refs. [41,42] using transport models of heavy quarks coupled to a QGP medium that takes into account the initial longitudinal tilt [43] in the reaction plane with respect to the beam axis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the initial longitudinal density profile and electromagnetic field in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions with heavy quarks

Jiang,

Cao,

Xing

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Heavy quarks are valuable probes of the electromagnetic field and the initial condition of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) matter produced in high-energy nuclear collisions. Within an improved Langevin model that is coupled to a (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model, we explore the origin of the directed flow coefficient (v1) of heavy mesons and their decay leptons, and its splitting (∆v1) between opposite charges. We find that while the rapidity dependence of the heavy flavor v1 is mainly driven by the titled energy density profile of the QGP with respect to the longitudinal direction at the RHIC energy, it is dominated by the electromagnetic field at the LHC energy. The ∆v1 serves as a novel probe of the spacetime evolution profile of the electromagnetic field. Our results of D mesons and their decay electrons are consistent with the available data at RHIC and LHC, and our predictions on the heavy flavor decay muons can be further tested by future measurements.

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Rapidity dependence of heavy-flavour production in heavy-ion collisions within a full 3+1 transport approach: quenching, elliptic and directed flow

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Longitudinal distribution of initial energy density and directed flow of charged particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Longitudinal distribution of initial energy density and directed flow of charged particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Interactions between heavy quarks and tilted QGP fireballs in 200 A GeV Au+Au collisions*

Probing the initial longitudinal density profile and electromagnetic field in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions with heavy quarks

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