Rare agressive form of giant-cell granuloma: a three years follow-up case report and discussion about medical therapeutic solutions

Abstract

Introduction: Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a rare and benign intraosseous lesion that usually occurs in the mandible and the maxilla. It might be aggressive. Nowadays, several treatments exist. Observation: This case report, with a three years follow-up, was about an aggressive and recurring form of CGCG exclusively managed by surgical approach. Comments: Several pharmacologic approaches are possible (intralesional injections of glucocorticoids, administration of calcitonin, alpha-2a interferon, denosumab) and could be an interesting alternative or complement to the surgical management when CGCG is aggressive, recurring, or non resectable. Conclusion: Surgical approach is the gold standard for the treatment of CGCG but sometimes, pharmacologic approaches could be proposed. According to the scientific literature, denosumab appears as a reliable and effective treatment but more prospective studies are needed.