Rare Case Reports of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Inferior Vena Cava and Right Atrium Tumor Thrombus and Extension Into Left Renal Vein

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombus extending to hepatic vein, inferior vena cava (IVC), and right atrium is rare and considered to be fairly advanced with a poor prognosis. We report two such cases from a single tertiary care center in South India. Treatment options in such patients are limited as the disease is extensive. We conducted a literature search for such case reports on PubMed. Compared with published literature, one of our cases had hepatic vein, IVC, left renal vein with tumor thrombus in the right atrium which has not been reported so far. Both the patients were started on systemic chemotherapy but succumbed to illness 4 and 7 weeks after initiation of chemotherapy.