Rare cause of thyroid enlargement: Localized AA amyloid goiter – A case report

Amyloid goiter is an orphan disease characterized by the deposition of amyloid proteins in the thyroid parenchyma, which can be the result of both localized primary deposition and secondary, against the background of persistent chronic inflammatory disease. The diagnosis is made through imaging techniques and histological examination of thyroid tissue. Depending on the degree of enlargement of the thyroid gland, the presence of hypothyroidism, as well as compression syndrome, therapeutic tactics are reduced to dynamic observation, the achievement of an euthyroid state, and in case of a pronounced cosmetic defect and / or tracheal compression, surgical intervention. Histochemical staining of the resected drug is necessary to make a definitive diagnosis. The prognosis is generally favorable, but it depends on the underlying cause of amyloid deposition and the degree of thyroid damage. In this clinical case, we describe a 36-year-old patient with periodic disease, AA-amyloidosis with predominant kidney damage, after kidney allotransplantation due to a history of end-stage chronic kidney disease. The patient contacted the center with complaints of difficulty breathing, swallowing, during examination, the thyroid gland is enlarged in size, according to ultrasound data, specific changes in the thyroid gland indicate the amyloid genesis of goiter. According to the hormonal examination, it is euthyroidism. According to the cytological examination of a thyroid biopsy: extracellular deposits of a dense structureless substance colored red-brown, most corresponding to the deposition of amyloid, were found in smears of liquid cytology when stained with congo red.

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A Case Presenting with Neck Pain and High Sedimentation Rate: Amyloid Goiter

Gokbulut,

Koc,

Firat

et al. 2024

EMIDDT

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Introduction: Amyloid goiter is a rare disease characterized by amyloid deposits that cause sudden growth in the thyroid gland. Case Presentation: Here we present a case of a 26-year-old woman with euthyroid amyloid goiter who presented with subacute granulomatous thyroiditis clinic. Amyloid goiter was detected as a result of core biopsy from the thyroid parenchyma of the patient with sudden thyroid enlargement. Surgery was not applied to the patient who had no pressure symptoms or signs. In systemic amyloidosis secondary to Familial Mediterranean fever, involvement was found in the heart, kidney, liver, and intestines, except for the thyroid. Conclusion: Amyloid accumulation should be considered in addition to anaplastic thyroid cancer and lymphoma in patients with sudden thyroid enlargement. It should not be overlooked that amyloid goiter may mimic subacute thyroiditis clinic. Systemic amyloidosis should be considered in patients with amyloid goiter, and an examination should be made to assess the presence of amyloid accumulations in other organs.

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Rare cause of thyroid enlargement: Localized AA amyloid goiter – A case report

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Renal AA amyloidosis: presentation, diagnosis, and current therapeutic options: a review

Renal AA amyloidosis: presentation, diagnosis, and current therapeutic options: a review

Amyloid goiter: difficulties of differential diagnosis, choice of treatment tactics

A Case Presenting with Neck Pain and High Sedimentation Rate: Amyloid Goiter

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