“…In addition to the BRAF mutation, poorly differentiated (PDTCs) and anaplastic thyroid cancers (ATCs) often have other genetic and/or non-genetic alterations that can lead to the activation of certain signaling pathways involved in cancer cell growth and tumor progression. Activations of such signaling in cancer cells often cause unresponsiveness to treatments commonly used for thyroid cancer, including radiation and chemotherapy [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Currently, the success of targeted therapeutic strategies for advanced thyroid cancers is still limited [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”