Rare earth element geochemistry of Australian Paleozoic graywackes and mudrocks: Provenance and tectonic control

Bhatia, Mukul

doi:10.1016/0037-0738(85)90025-9

Cited by 515 publications

(313 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The sediment chemistry may also help to identify the tectonic setting of their deposition (e.g., Bhatia 1985;Bhatia and Crook 1986;Mclennan et al 1990). Indeed, they may hold the only evidence pointing to their palaeotectonic environment of deposition (Bhatia and Crook 1986).…”

Section: Tectonic Setting Of Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the reconstruction of the tectonic setting of a depositional basin may become a difficult or even impossible task, particularly where the original successions are metamorphosed. In such cases, the application of major-and trace-element geochemistry can be fruitful (Bhatia and Taylor 1981;Bhatia 1983Bhatia , 1985Bhatia and Crook 1986;Roser and Korsch 1988). However, some workers have argued that the use of major-element geochemistry can lead to erroneous conclusions even in the case of very young sediments deposited in basins of known tectonic setting (armstrong-altrin and Verma 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

From Cadomian arc to Ordovician passive margin: geochemical records preserved in metasedimentary successions of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome in SW Poland

Szczepański

Ilnicki

2014

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Section: Tectonic Setting Of Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Cadomian arc to Ordovician passive margin: geochemical records preserved in metasedimentary successions of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome in SW Poland

Szczepański

Ilnicki

2014

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…For example, the Poway conglomerate in California contains virtually identical minor and trace element abundances to the volcanic rocks from which its gravel fragments were derived [Abbott and Smith, 1989]. Even finergrained sandstones dominated by rock fragments (i.e., wackes) can retain the chemistry of their source rocks, as indicated by the diagnostic trace element patterns in wackes from different tectonic settings [Bhatia, 1985] Another possibility is that the rocks are shock-melted dust deposits [Schultz and Mustard, 1998]. Impact melting of terrestrial loess produces glassy, vesicular rocks of variable composition which have spectra similar to Pathfinder rocks.…”

Section: Rock Norm and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical, multispectral, and textural constraints on the composition and origin of rocks at the Mars Pathfinder landing site

McSween¹,

Murchie²,

Crisp³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

232

166

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Abstract. Rocks at the Mars Pathfinder site are probably locally derived. Textures on rock surfaces may indicate volcanic, sedimentary, or impact-generated rocks, but aeolian abration and dust coatings prevent unambiguous interpretation. Multispectral imaging has resolved four spectral classes of rocks: gray and red, which occur on different surfaces of the same rocks; pink, which is probably soil crusts; and maroon, which occurs as large boulders, mostly in the far field. Rocks are assigned to two spectral trends based on the position of peak reflectance: the primary spectral trend contains gray, red, and pink rocks; maroon rocks constitute the secondary spectral trend. The spatial pattern of spectral variations observed is oriented along the prevailing wind direction. The primary spectral trend arises from thin ferric coatings of aeolian dust on darker rocks. The secondary spectral trend is apparently due to coating by a different mineral, probably maghemite or ferrihydrite. A chronology based on rock spectra suggests that rounded maroon boulders constitute the oldest petrologic unit (a flood deposit), succeeded by smaller cobbles possibly deposited by impact, and followed by aeolian erosion and deposition. Nearly linear chemical trends in alpha proton X-ray spectrometer rock compositions are interpreted as mixing lines between rock and adhering dust, a conclusion supported by a correlation between sulfur abundance and red/blue spectral ratio. Extrapolations of regression lines to zero sulfur give the composition of a presumed igneous rock. The chemistry and normative mineralogy of the sulfurfree rock resemble common terrestrial volcanic rocks, and its classification corresponds to andesite. Igneous rocks of this composition my occur with clastic sedimentary rocks or impact melts and breccias. However, the spectral mottling expected on conglomerates or breccias is not observed in any APXS-analyzed rocks. Interpretation of the rocks as andesites is complicated by absence of a "1 gm" pyroxene absorption band. Plausible explanations include impact glass, band masking by magnetite, or presence of calcium-and iron-rich pyroxenes and olivine which push the absorption band minimum past the imager's spectral range. The inferred andesitic composition is most sinfilar to terrestrial anorogenic icelandites, formed by fractionation of tholeiitic basaltic magmas. Early melting of a relatively primitive Martian mantle could produce an appropriate parent magma, supporting the ancient age of Patlff•nder rocks inferred from their incorporation in Hesperian flood deposits. Although rocks of andesitic composition at the Patlff•nder site may represent samples of ancient Martian crust, inferences drawn about a necessary role for water or plate tectonics in their petrogenesis are probably unwarranted.

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“…8-15; Tables 2, 3) to discriminate possible tectonic settings (e.g., Bhatia 1985;Roser & Korsch 1986, 1988McLennan et al 1990) that formed possible source areas for the clasts. We then compare these inferred tectonic settings to those interpreted to have existed in New Zealand before and during deposition of Torehina sediments (e.g., Roser & Korsch 1986;Mortimer 1995a,b;Mortimer et al 1997).…”

Section: Geochemical Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We interpret the provenance of clasts contained in lower Torehina conglomerates by comparing their petrography and element (major, trace, REE) geochemistry with several endmember petrofacies: (1) local basement rocks; (2) Late Cretaceous "suprabasement" strata ; (3) continental margin sandstones derived and deposited in various tectonic settings (e.g., Bhatia 1985;Bhatia & Crook 1986;Roser & Korsch 1986, 1988McLennan et al 1990); (4) petrological changes attending chemical weathering (Nesbitt & Young 1982; and (5) petrogenetic characteristics of tectonic terranes that underlie North Island ( Fig. 1) (Roser & Korsch 1986, 1988Mortimer 1995b;Mortimer et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provenance and geochemistry of exotic clasts in conglomerates of the Oligocene Torehina Formation, Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand

Dix¹,

Nelson

2003

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Non-marine pebble to cobble conglomerates of the lower Torehina Formation (Oligocene) crop out along western Coromandel Peninsula and overlie, with strong angular discordance, continental-margin metasedimentary rocks (Manaia Hill Group) of Mesozoic (Late Jurassic to ?Early Cretaceous) age. The conglomerates contain provenance information that identifies a pre-Oligocene depositional history obscured by the unconformable juxtaposition of these Tertiary and Mesozoic strata.Most clasts in the lower Torehina Formation are visually similar to local bedrock lithologies, including metamorphosed sandstones and argillites, but are kaolinitic and contain more detrital and authigenic chert, quartz, and potash feldspar. Local derivation of these clasts seems unlikely. By comparing geochemical ratios with those defined for continental margin sandstones, and well characterised New Zealand tectonic terranes, we interpret the majority of clasts in the lower Torehina Formation to have been derived from a dissected orogen, with mixtures of felsic and volcanogenic-derived sediment. The most likely sources are the Waipapa and Torlesse Terranes.The remaining 20-30% of the clasts in the lower Torehina Formation were originally friable, are coarse grained, and appear to be lithologically exotic relative to known metamorphosed sandstones in basement terrane sources on North Island. Some clasts contain coal laminae and particles, and all contain detrital kaolinite as lithic fragments and matrix. Such characteristics imply a non-marine to marginalmarine source containing sediment derived from strongly weathered granite or granodiorite. Mechanical fragility implies a likely proximal, easily erodible source. We propose that this group of clasts was derived from an Upper Cretaceous sedimentary cover, either part of a locally developed basin fill or part of a once regionally extensive cover on North Island. Either case defines a more widely distributed Cretaceous source than found today.

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Rare earth element geochemistry of Australian Paleozoic graywackes and mudrocks: Provenance and tectonic control

Cited by 515 publications

References 33 publications

From Cadomian arc to Ordovician passive margin: geochemical records preserved in metasedimentary successions of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome in SW Poland

From Cadomian arc to Ordovician passive margin: geochemical records preserved in metasedimentary successions of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome in SW Poland

Chemical, multispectral, and textural constraints on the composition and origin of rocks at the Mars Pathfinder landing site

Provenance and geochemistry of exotic clasts in conglomerates of the Oligocene Torehina Formation, Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand

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