Rare-Earth Elements and Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Particulate Matter in an Urban Area

Rabha, Shahadev; Subramanyam, K.S.V.; Sawant, S. S.; Saikia, Binoy K.

doi:10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00009

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The mean concentrations of PM 2.5 were recorded low in 2020 and 2021 due to restricted activities during the Covid-19 lockdown period of S (2.29 ± 1.61 µg m − 3 ), Cl (2.26 ± 2.50 µg m − 3 ), K (2.05 ± 1.83 µg m − 3 ), Ca (0.96 ± 1.17 µg m − 3 ) and Fe (0.93 ± 0.58 µg m − 3 ) were recorded in all the samples of PM 2.5 during the entire study period followed by Zn (0.62 µg m − 3 ) > Pb (0.57 µg m − 3 ) > Al (0.51 µg m − 3 ) > Na (0.35 µg m − 3 ) > Cu (0.29 µg m − 3 ) > Ti (0.27 µg m − 3 ) > As (0.26 µg m − 3 ) > Cr (0.24 µg m − 3 ) > Mo (0.19 µg m − 3 ) > Br (0.16 µg m − 3 ) > Mg (0.14 µg m − 3 ) > Ni (0.14 µg m − 3 ) > Mn (0.12 µg m − 3 ) > and P (0.08 µg m − 3 ). The presence of Al, Fe, Na, Mg, Ca, S, Cl and K as major elements in PM 2.5 is also supported by other studies conducted in Delhi (Jain et al 2017;Rai et al 2020;Bangar et al 2021) and other locations of India (Sharma et al 2020(Sharma et al , 2022Choudhary et al 2020;Rabha et al 2022). Hazarika et al (2015) also reported the abundance of Na, Ca, Mg, Si and K in PM 2.5 samples followed by Ni, Cu and Pb in urban site of Delhi.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…associated with PM 2.5 in the urban area is mainly from crustal/soil/road dust, combustion of biomass and fossil fuel, emissions from vehicles and industrial activities (Sharma and Mandal 2017;Rai et al 2020;Bangar et al 2021;. Several studies have been conducted on chemical characteristics (organics, soluble ions & organics, elements) and source apportionment of PM in India (Choudhury et al 2022;Kumar and Sarin 2009;Mandal et al 2014;Sharma et al 2018;Kaushal et al 2018;Begam et al 2017), but a few studies have been carried out on elemental concentration and their sources (Rai et al 2020;Bangar et al 2021;Rabha et al 2022). In this manuscript, we report the seasonal and annual elemental composition (Ti, Cu, Zn, Mn, Al, Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, Na, Mg, Ca, Cl, P, S, K, Pb, As, and Br) of PM 2.5 in Delhi, India based on long-term observations (January, 2017to December, 2021.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Elemental Composition and Sources of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) in Delhi, India

Sharma

Mandal

2023

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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several emission sources (Rai et al. 2020;Jain et al. 2017;. The majority of the elements associated with PM 2.5 are non-volatile and remain unaffected even when transported locally and regionally (Morawska and Zhang 2002;Rai et al. 2020). When certain elements/metals (such as Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr, As, Pb, and Hg) are inhaled from various sources, they have severe toxic and mutagenic impacts on human health (Dockery and Stone 2007;Pope and Dockery 2009;Joshi et al. 2022;Colonna et al. 2022). The elements such as Cr, Ni, Cd, Co, As, and Pb associated with particulate matter (PM) are carcinogenic (Joshi et al. 2022). Rai et al. ( 2020) reported the highest mean concentrations of Pb among the carcinogenic elements (Pb, Cr, As and Ni) ranging from 421 to 498 ng m − 3 , followed by Cr (9-42 ng m − 3 ), As (12-14 ng m − 3 ) and Ni (2-10 ng m − 3 ) in PM 2.5 at an urban site of Delhi. Whereas Joshi et al. ( 2022) evaluated the effect of carcinogenic elements available in PM 2.5 on the mortality rate of various age groups (men and women) in Delhi. Therefore, the estimation of major & trace elements in PM 2.5 is essential to identify and quantify the possible sources of elements in PM 2.5 for further air quality management strategies to reduce the PM 2.5 deposition in the ambient air (Waked et al. 2014).Elements

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 71%

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confidence: 99%

Elemental Composition and Sources of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) in Delhi, India

Sharma

Mandal

2023

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…These metals were typical industrial-emission elements. Cd had the highest enrichment factor, which indicated that it was affected by extremely severe human activities (Rai et al, 2020;Rabha et al, 2022). At the same time, relevant studies have shown that metal processing and the chemical industry were an important contributor for Cd (Qing et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2016;Othman et al, 2019;Wu et al, 2021).…”

Section: Source Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rai et al (2020) qualified the 26 elements in airborne particles in Delhi and identified the nine different sources of elements in PM 2.5/10 by using PMF. Rabha et al (2022) used PMF for source apportionment which reveals the contributions of five significant sources of PM 10 mass in the urban area of Jorhat, which found that coal combustion and vehicular emission followed by biomass burning, soil dust, and industrial emission were the main sources. To improve the precision, the application of different multivariate receptor models to source apportionment has been a hot topic in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative source apportionment of heavy metals in atmospheric deposition of a typical heavily polluted city in Northern China: Comparison of PMF and UNMIX

Cai

Zhang

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Receptor models are rarely utilized in atmospheric deposition but are often used to identify pollutant sources and quantify their contributions. This article focuses on the soil in atmospheric deposition in a typical polluted city. Atmospheric deposition has become an important route for exogenous heavy metals’ input into ecosystems. In this study, the heavy metals in atmospheric deposition were determined in three monitoring points arranged in Handan City. According to the functional area, fluxes, sources, and accumulation in the soil were explored. The sources of heavy metals were identified by PMF (positive matrix factorization) and UNMIX. The accumulation of heavy metals in the soil was predicted. The results showed that the deposition fluxes in industrial areas were higher than other functional areas. The mean concentrations of 8 heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and As) in the atmospheric deposition exceed their background values. PMF identified five major sources and UNMIX analyzed four sources. Similar source apportionment results were acquired via PMF and UNMIX, which were the combustion of fossil fuels, steel-smelting emission, road dust, and industrial sources. Steel-smelter emission was the highest source contributor. Therefore, combining these two models was the most effective approach, and more attention should be paid to mitigating the pollution caused by the industrial activities. The prediction indicated that the accumulation of heavy metals from atmospheric deposition to the soil would increase in 30 years, the growth rate of Cd increased significantly. The results of this study could provide reference in reduction of heavy metal pollution in atmospheric deposition.

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“…Obviously, because of their widespread application in high-tech manufacturing industries worldwide as well as in agriculture and of the subsequent release into soil, water, and atmosphere, the risk of uncontrolled human exposure to REEs is progressively growing [ 8 ]. Among others, contamination of water bodies by rare-earth elements is a particularly hot issue since ingestion of contaminated aquatic foods and drinking water are primary pathways for human exposure to REEs and an increasing body of literature has reported, from time to time, anthropogenic rare-earth elements in aquatic systems in various countries [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of the Fungal Metabolite Harzianic Acid with Rare-Earth Cations (Pr3+, Eu3+, Ho3+, Tm3+)

Salvatore

Siciliano²,

Staropoli³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Rare-earth elements (REEs) are in all respect a class of new contaminants that may have toxic effects on organisms and microorganisms and information on their interactions with natural ligands should be of value to predict and control their diffusion in natural environments. In the current study, we investigate interactions of tripositive cations of praseodymium, europium, holmium, and thulium with harzianic acid (H2L), a secondary metabolite produced by selected strains of fungi belonging to the Trichoderma genus. We applied the same techniques and workflow previously employed in an analogous study concerning lanthanum, neodymium, samarium, and gadolinium tripositive cations. Therefore, in the current study, HPLC–ESI–HRMS experiments, circular dichroism (CD), and UV-Vis spectrophotometric absorption data, as well as accurate pH measurements, were applied to characterize bonding interactions between harzianic acid and Pr3+, Eu3+, Ho3+, and Tm3+ cations. Problems connected to the low solubility of harzianic acid in water were overcome by employing a 0.1 M NaClO4/(CH3OH + H2O 50/50 w/w) mixed solvent. For Pr3+, Ho3+, and Tm3+, only the mono complexes PrL+, HoL+, and TmL+ were detected and their formation constant determined. Eu3+ forms almost exclusively the bis complex EuL2− for which the corresponding formation constant is reported; under our experimental conditions, the mono complex EuL+ is irrelevant. Combining the results of the present and previous studies, a picture of interactions of harzianic acid with rare-earth cations extending over 8 of the 17 REEs can be composed. In order to complement chemical information with toxicological information, a battery of bioassays was applied to evaluate the effects of praseodymium, europium, holmium, and thulium tripositive cations on a suite of bioindicators including Aliivibrio fischeri (Gram-negative bacterium), Raphidocelis subcapitata (green alga), and Daphnia magna (microcrustacean), and median effective concentration (EC50) values of Pr3+, Eu3+, Ho3+, and Tm3+ for the tested species were assessed.

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Rare-Earth Elements and Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Particulate Matter in an Urban Area

Cited by 18 publications

References 67 publications

Elemental Composition and Sources of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) in Delhi, India

Elemental Composition and Sources of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) in Delhi, India

Quantitative source apportionment of heavy metals in atmospheric deposition of a typical heavily polluted city in Northern China: Comparison of PMF and UNMIX

Interaction of the Fungal Metabolite Harzianic Acid with Rare-Earth Cations (Pr3+, Eu3+, Ho3+, Tm3+)

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