Rare-earth ions doped zinc-tellurite glass for 2 ÷ 3 µm lasers

Crystallization of Lanthanide—Ho3+ and Tm3+ Ions Doped Tellurite Glasses

“…This means that if tellurite glasses doped this way are excited with 450 nm radiation Ho 3+ , ion radiative transitions dominate, while Tm 3+ ion radiative transitions dominate at about 350 nm. It should be added that tellurite glasses doped with Ho 3+ and Tm 3+ ions lie in the sphere of interest of infrared fluorescence spectroscopy, e.g., [ 3 , 7 , 33 ].…”

A 200 mW, 2.3 µm Tm3+-doped tellurite glass fiber laser

“…Basing on the results of our previous studies [14,15,17,18], we have chosen TeO 2 − ZnO − La 2 O 3 − Na 2 O glass system for fiber fabrication. At that, we have taken into account the favourable spectroscopic characteristics of zinc-tellurite glasses (the long lifetime ∼320 µs of the upper laser level 3 H 4 combined with the short lifetime ∼0.13 µs of the lower level 3 H 5 Tm 3+ ) and that we were able to produce these glasses with a high degree of purity and dehydration.…”

“…For our experiments, the fibers with the core composition of 81TeO 2 -5ZnO-10Na 2 O-3.88La 2 O 3 + 0.12Tm 2 O 3 containing 5 × 10 19 cm −3 Tm 3+ ions and cladding composition of 76TeO 2 -10ZnO-10Na 2 O-4La 2 O 3 were fabricated according to the technique described in [19]. The selected thulium ions concentration was small enough to neglect the cross-relaxation from the upper 3 H 4 Tm 3+ laser level [14,15,17,18] and its lifetime was 0.3 ms. At the same time it was sufficient for cladding pumping. The fibers used in our experiment are listed in table 1.…”

“…The dynamics of laser oscillation was already described in details in our previous works [15,18]. It looked as follows: initially, the single-wavelength lasing at ∼2.3 µm ( 3 H 4 → 3 H 5 Tm 3+ transition) started, and 0.2-0.4 ms after that the ∼1.9 µm generation at ( 3 F 4 → 3 H 6 Tm 3+ transition) appeared and co-existed with the first one till the end of the pump pulse.…”

Spectroscopic studies of TeO2-based glasses doped with Sm3+ and its use as an optical temperature sensor

“…They are also used in color displays, optical data storage, and other applications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Samarium ions have received significant attention because of their bright and effective emission in the orange-red regions, which is valuable for the aforementioned applications.…”