Raster to Vector Map Convertion by Irregular Grid of Heights

Popov, Serge; Glazunov, Vadim; Chuvatov, Mikhail; Purii, Alexander

doi:10.23919/fruct48808.2020.9087552

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the raster format, map features are stored in the form of pixels whereas the vector format stores information in the form of points, lines and polygons. The raster format suffers the penalty of higher storage requirement since higher resolution maps require more pixels to represent map features [46]. The vector format is most often preferred in RT since the description of map features as lines or polygons intuitively simplifies the determination of the reflection plane for instance [31].…”

Section: Simulation Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Ray Tracing Channel Simulation Accuracy in Sub-6 GHz Outdoor Deployment Scenarios

Mbugua

Chen

Raschkowski

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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In this paper, a review of the achieved accuracy in the literature for ray tracing (RT) based channel modeling is presented with a focus on outdoor propagation scenarios in the sub-6 GHz frequency range. The achieved accuracy is analyzed from three perspectives: 1) The input parameters which include the environmental description in the form of digital maps and the corresponding constitutive material parameters; 2) from the interaction mechanisms perspective and 3) from the output perspective where the achieved accuracy of predicted path loss is reviewed. Uniform assignment of materials to the entire propagation scenario is observed in most of the works in the literature which is attributed to the composite nature of common building materials and the difficulty of characterizing all material properties especially for outdoor scenarios. The digital maps are shown to introduce a certain degree of uncertainty in the RT predictions as most common sources of the maps hardly publish the accuracy. Notwithstanding, the prediction of path loss in most RT tools is observed to be rather robust against the inaccuracies in the input parameters with most RT tools achieving a prediction accuracy with a mean error below 4 dB and a standard deviation (STD) below 8 dB.

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Section: Simulation Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Ray Tracing Channel Simulation Accuracy in Sub-6 GHz Outdoor Deployment Scenarios

Mbugua

Chen

Raschkowski

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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show abstract

“…These methods are used to measure the quality of the recognition of line-like shapes as well as text strings. The raster to vector conversion is still a hot topic with many papers published recently (Inoue and Yamasaki, 2019, Popov et al, 2020, Al-Khaffaf and Talib, 2020. Hori and Doermann (1995) presented a quantitative measure for straight line recognition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified Vector Recovery Index

Al-Khaffaf

2020

SJUOZ

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In this paper, we show that averaging of the Vector Recovery Index (VRI) score for a test involving many images is not accurate and leads to bias. We demonstrate that the higher the difference in primitive count between the data files in an experiment, the higher the bias in calculating the VRI. Normalizing VRI scores is proposed to remove the bias and to get VRI scores that precisely reflects the performance based on images under scrutiny. Empirical performance evaluation on three datasets from the arc segmentation contests attached to International Workshops on Graphics Recognition 2005, 2009, and 2011 shows that the proposed normalization score provides accurate and realistic performance results than the unweighted average of VRI scores. The results based on the modified VRI score show that the vectorisation methods have lower performance than was usually thought.

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Raster to Vector Map Convertion by Irregular Grid of Heights

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Review on Ray Tracing Channel Simulation Accuracy in Sub-6 GHz Outdoor Deployment Scenarios

Review on Ray Tracing Channel Simulation Accuracy in Sub-6 GHz Outdoor Deployment Scenarios

A Modified Vector Recovery Index

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