Rat seminal‐vesicle cytology as a testis‐hormone indicator and the prevention of castration changes by testis‐extract injection

Moore, Carl R.; Hughes, W. T.; Gallagher, T. F.

doi:10.1002/aja.1000450105

Cited by 116 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been shown by others that testosterone is necessary to maintain the structure and function of the epididymis and male accessory sex glands [2]. In fact, for the prostate gland and seminal vesicles, an involution of secretory cells and a decrease in luminal size and complexity after removal of testicular testosterone by castration were reported as early as 1930 [13,14]. Thus, it appears that a disruption in testosterone secretion underlies the OP-induced changes observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 39%

Chronic Administration of 4-Tert-Octylphenol to Adult Male Rats Causes Shrinkage of the Testes and Male Accessory Sex Organs, Disrupts Spermatogenesis, and Increases the Incidence of Sperm Deformities1

Boockfor

Blake

1997

Biology of Reproduction

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The environmental toxicant 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) has been shown to exert estrogenic effects on mammalian cells in culture. Recent findings from our laboratories demonstrate clearly that OP administration disrupts reproductive hormone secretion in the adult male rat, quite likely as a result of estrogenic action. In the present study, we investigated the impact of these or other OP-induced changes on male reproductive tissues. Adult male rats were injected with OP (20 or 80 mg) or estradiol valerate (EV; 0.8 or 8 microg) s.c. in oil three times a week for either 1 or 2 mo. We found that an 80-mg dosage of OP for 2 mo or an 8-microg dosage of EV for 1 or 2 mo greatly reduced sperm numbers and adversely influenced the sizes, weights, and histological structures of the testes, epididymides, ventral prostate glands, seminal vesicles, and coagulating glands. The 80-mg dosage of OP for 1 mo reduced epididymal tubule size to a lesser extent than after 2 mo of treatment. Otherwise, treatment with 80 mg OP for 1 mo, 20 mg OP for 1 or 2 mo, or 0.8 microg EV for 1 mo had little or no effect on the histology of the tissues we examined. Additional evaluation of sperm morphology revealed marked increases in the proportions of head and tail abnormalities from animals that had received 80 mg of OP or 8 microg of EV for 1 mo and 20 mg of OP for 2 mo. The head abnormalities consisted mainly of pin heads, detached heads, and the absence of hooks, while tail abnormalities included mainly broken, coiled, and bent tails. Our results clearly demonstrate that OP can severely reduce the size and/or function of all of the male gametogenic and accessory reproductive organs studied. Moreover, the similarity of these cell and tissue changes between rats treated with OP and those treated with EV further suggests that OP may exert its action in an estrogenic-like manner.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 39%

Chronic Administration of 4-Tert-Octylphenol to Adult Male Rats Causes Shrinkage of the Testes and Male Accessory Sex Organs, Disrupts Spermatogenesis, and Increases the Incidence of Sperm Deformities1

Boockfor

Blake

1997

Biology of Reproduction

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The concepts of 'threshold androgen level' or 'saturation of androgen receptors' should result in clear biological differences when considering testosterone replacement in the castrate versus the noncastrate hypogonadal, the eugonadal, or the supraphysiological state (Box 2). This review will re-examine the decades of experimentation that addressed androgen action within the prostate to guide our insights into understanding the risks 10,11 demonstrated that androgen administration induces cytological changes characteristic of secretory activity in the accessory sex tissues of castrated animals. In a 1942 study of the regulation of androgen-induced cellular prolifera tion, Burkhart 12 measured the mitotic activity in the prostate and seminal vesicles of castrated rats after the injection of increasing doses of testosterone propionate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 41%

Differing levels of testosterone and the prostate: a physiological interplay

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The controversies surrounding testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) have been addressed in the past few years. Although the androgenic effects of TRT on normal and malignant prostate cells have been studied for over 70 years, little clinical prospective research exists on the physiological responses of prostate tissues to a wide range of serum testosterone levels. The prostate is both an androgen-dependent and an androgen-sensitive organ; active processes are triggered at a 'threshold' or 'saturation' level of testosterone. Despite decades of research, no compelling evidence exists that increasing testosterone beyond this threshold level has a causative role in prostate cancer, or indeed changes the biology of the prostate. Testosterone deficiency has marked physiological and clinical effects on men in middle age and beyond. With subnormal testosterone levels, the potential positive benefits of TRT on factors such as muscle mass, libido or erectile function are likely a dose-response phenomenon, and should be considered differently than the threshold influence on the prostate. This Review will re-examine classic androgen research and reflect on whether testosterone actually stimulates prostatic cellular growth and progression in a 'threshold' or a 'dose-response' (or both) manner, as well as discuss the influence of testosterone on prostate cells in the hypogonadal and eugonadal states.

show abstract

“…Weigert Giesonx 192. megestrol acetate the signs of stimulated growth were still more apparent. After this treatment granules surrounded by light halos were observed in the columnar epithelial cells indicating secretory activity (Moore et al 1930). The acini contained secretion and were surrounded by smooth muscle cells which had larger nuclei and more cytoplasm than in any of the other groups (Fig.…”

Section: Food Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 42%

Androgenic Properties and Adrenal Depressant Activity of Megestrol Acetate Observed in Castrated Male Rats

Tisell

Salander

1975

Acta Endocrinologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Megestrol acetate (17\g=a\-acetoxy-6-dehydro-6-methylprogesterone), a synthetic steroid with high progestational activity, is used in oral contraceptives but also in the treatment of prostatic diseases in man. To investigate whether megestrol acetate has any androgenic properties the growth of the ventral and dorsolateral prostate, the coagulating glands and the seminal vesicles was studied morphologically in castrated rats treated with megestrol acetate and in non-treated castrated rats. The effect of megestrol acetate on the body weight, the levator ani muscle and the adrenals was also studied. Megestrol acetate was administered in daily doses of 0.02 mg, 0.2 mg, 2.0 mg or 20.0 mg for a period of 21 days. Megestrol acetate in the two higher doses retarded growth and gave a low weight for the levator ani muscle at autopsy indicating an anti-anabolic or catabolic action of megestrol acetate in high doses. Megestrol acetate in daily doses of 0.2, 2.0 and 20.0 mg caused an involution of the adrenal glands. After the two higher doses the weight of the adrenals amounted to only about a third of that of the untreated rats.Megestrol acetate in the lower doses had no demonstrable effect on the growth of the accessory reproductive glands. After the two higher doses of megestrol acetate some growth of the dorsal part of the dorsolateral prostate and of the coagulating glands was observed. Only the seminal vesicles exhibited complete morphological criteria of an androgenic stimulation and then only after the largest dose of megestrol acetate. The investigation shows that megestrol acetate has weak androgenic properties which are apparent at a dose per kg body weight approximately 200 times greater than that used in the treatment of prostatic diseases in man.

show abstract

Rat seminal‐vesicle cytology as a testis‐hormone indicator and the prevention of castration changes by testis‐extract injection

Cited by 116 publications

References 5 publications

Chronic Administration of 4-Tert-Octylphenol to Adult Male Rats Causes Shrinkage of the Testes and Male Accessory Sex Organs, Disrupts Spermatogenesis, and Increases the Incidence of Sperm Deformities1

Chronic Administration of 4-Tert-Octylphenol to Adult Male Rats Causes Shrinkage of the Testes and Male Accessory Sex Organs, Disrupts Spermatogenesis, and Increases the Incidence of Sperm Deformities1

Differing levels of testosterone and the prostate: a physiological interplay

Androgenic Properties and Adrenal Depressant Activity of Megestrol Acetate Observed in Castrated Male Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About