Rate and Type of Infections in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome

Mohammed, Doaa; Selim, Mona Shaaban Ali; Zeid, Ali Mohammed Abo; Neemat-Allah, Mayy Abd Alfattah

doi:10.26502/acmcr.96550021

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Research done in Egypt on children admitted to a nephrology unit with relapse showed that the rate of infection 66.6%. The common types of infection identi ed were acute gastroenteritis (25%), UTI (21.7%), and (15%) [19]. The prevalence of infection in this study was higher than in our study, because the study was done in children with relapse nephrotic syndrome Relapse was important associated factor of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Serum albumin level as predictor of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome age 2- 18years in northwest and East Amhara region, Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional retrospective study

Mekonnen,

Alene,

Yimer

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Infection is the most common complication of pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome. The factors associated with infection in nephrotic syndrome are lacking in the setting where this research was done. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and associated factors among children with nephrotic syndrome aged 2 to 18 years. Methods A hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. An Epi5 collector electronic data collector installed with a smartphone was used to collect the data. The collected data was exported to Stata version 15.1 for analysis. Descriptive findings like mean, standard deviation and percentage were reported. Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with infection. Results In this study, the prevalence of infection among nephrotic syndrome children is 39.8% (95%CI: 30.7, 49.7). The types of infection identified were pneumonia, urinary tract infection, diarrheal disease, cutaneous fungal infection, intestinal parasitic infection, and sepsis. Serum albumin level, hematuria, and residence were significantly associated with infection. Conclusions The presence of hematuria predicted the presence of infection in nephrotic syndrome in children. Increasing the level of serum albumin decreased the likelihood of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome. Further study is recommended to strengthen this finding.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Serum albumin level as predictor of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome age 2- 18years in northwest and East Amhara region, Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional retrospective study

Mekonnen,

Alene,

Yimer

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…In addition, among children who had UTI, 78% of them had hematuria. Research done in India showed that significant microscopic hematuria was found in 20.7% [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated factors of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome aged 2-18 years in the northwest and east Amhara region, Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional retrospective study

Mekonnen,

Alene,

Yimer

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Infection is the most common complication of pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome. The factors associated with infection in nephrotic syndrome are lacking. The objective of the study was to identify the prevalence and associated factors among children with nephrotic syndrome aged 2 to 18 years. Methods We conducted a hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study. The data collector installed an Epi5 collector electronic data-collecting tool from Google Play. Then, we exported the data to Stata version 15.1 for analysis. The mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage were used for descriptive statistics. The logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with infection. Results In this study, the prevalence of infection among nephrotic syndrome children is 39.8% (95%CI: 30.7, 49.7). The types of infection identified were pneumonia, urinary tract infection, diarrheal disease, cutaneous fungal infection, intestinal parasitic infection, and sepsis. The presence of hematuria increased the odds of infection by 5-times. On the other hand, low level of serum albumin increased the odds of infection by 7%. Being a rural resident increased the odds of infection by 3.3-times as compared to urban. Conclusions Serum albumin level, presence of hematuria, and rural residence were significantly associated with infection. We recommended a longitudinal incidence study on large sample size at multicenter to strengthen this finding.

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“…However, some confirmed the prevalence of E. coli in NS patients. In a cross sectionals study, Mohammed et al, [26] investigated 90 Egyptian children with NS. Urinary tract infection was found to be the second most common infection affecting 21.7% of patients (after the gastrointestinal tract), with E. coli was the most common pathogen.…”

Section: Health Annals Of Tropical Medicine and Publicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of urinary tract infections as triggers for frequent relapse in children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome

Shaker¹,

Chaloob²

2020

ATMPH

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Frequent relapse occurs in about 60% of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) despite the tangible initial response. Several factors have been documented as triggers for frequent relapses (FR). However, the role of urinary tract infection (UTI) was not well-illustrated. Our aim was to evaluate the role of UTI as a trigger for FR among Iraqi children SSNS. This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 68 children with the first episode of SSNS who were followed up for 6 months after taking their treatment for the first episode. The patients were divided into two groups: frequent and infrequent relapse. Midstream urine samples were collected from each child and routine bacteriological culture and detection were achieved. Data regarding age at onset, sex, steroid therapy at the onset, the time between the onset and first relapse were collected from patients' records. The proportion of frequent relapses was 41.18%. UTI affected 22 (32.35%) patients with E. coli was the most common isolated bacteria accounting for 63.64% followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (18.18%), Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.64% for each). In univariate analysis, each of age at onset, inadequate therapy for the first episode, and UTI were significantly associated with frequent relapse. However, in multivariate analysis, only adequate treated for first episode (OR= 0.26, 95%CI= 0.08-0.86, p= 0.028) and UTI (OR= 4.8, 95%CI= 1.22-18.87, p= 0.025) were significantly associated. In conclusion, UTI is an important cause of FR in children with SSNS. Therefore, affected children should be routinely investigated for such infection.

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Rate and Type of Infections in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Serum albumin level as predictor of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome age 2- 18years in northwest and East Amhara region, Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional retrospective study

Serum albumin level as predictor of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome age 2- 18years in northwest and East Amhara region, Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional retrospective study

Prevalence and associated factors of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome aged 2-18 years in the northwest and east Amhara region, Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional retrospective study

Role of urinary tract infections as triggers for frequent relapse in children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome

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