Rate of Passage of Inert Materials through the Digestive Tract of the Bovine

Moore, L.A.; Winter, O B

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(34)93238-0

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…after dosing. The rate was thus appreciably faster than might be inferred from the work of Moore & Winter (1934) and Balch (1950), but this can probably be explained, by analogy with the sheep experiments just described, as being due to the young high-quality pasture origin of the feed used in the present trial, compared with the roughage rations used in their experiments.…”

Section: Marker Excretion By Cowssupporting

confidence: 47%

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Measurement of feed intake of grazing sheep: I. Rate of passage of inert reference materials through the ruminant digestive tract

Lambourne¹

1957

J. Agric. Sci.

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Experiments are described which give some basic information on the rate and pattern of marker excretion by sheep on pastures ranging in digestibility from 70 to 80% and on hay of barely 50% digestibility.The faeces output of individual sheep varied from 100 g. to more than 400 g. daily, and the estimated feed intake from below 400 to over 1,900 g. daily.Despite these wide ranges a typical pattern for the passage of single doses of markers was quite consistently repeated in the trials on pastures:1. Markers first appeared in the faeces 5–8 hr. after dosing.2. Concentrations rose rapidly to peak values about 10–18 hr. after dosing.3. Concentrations fell thereafter by about 50% each 6–10 hr. until 60–70 hr. after dosing when marker content could no longer reliably be determined by the methods used.Factors affecting the basic pattern1. The overall quality of the feed was of prime importance, in that peak concentrations occurred progressively later on poorer pastures and on hay.2. For any given feed a high level of (estimated) feed intake was often associated with earlier appearance of marker in the faeces, an earlier peak of concentration, and slightly faster fall in marker concentration.3. There was evidence that the time of administration might slightly affect rate of passage, presumably through its relation to grazing periods, for doses given at or near times of greatest feed intake were passed rather more rapidly.4. It did not appear that there was any considerable retention of either marker within the tract beyond 72–96 hr. after dosing.

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Section: Marker Excretion By Cowssupporting

confidence: 47%

“…In the work of Moore & Winter (1934) interest centred on the rate of excretion expressed as the amount voided in a given time. Balch (1950) studied also the variation in concentration with time, and the time required for the passage of 5 % and of 80 %, of the marker material.…”

Section: Presentation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of feed intake of grazing sheep: I. Rate of passage of inert reference materials through the ruminant digestive tract

Lambourne¹

1957

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…These conditions often create stress and discomfort and they can lead to even more serious clinical problems. For these and other reasons much work has been done to determine the rate of digestion in domesticated animals (Guernsey and Evvard 19 14;Ewing and Smith 19 17;Mitchell et al 1928;Moore and Winter 1933;Balch 1950;Blaxter et al 1956;Campling and Freer 1962;Balch and Campling 1965;McDonald et al 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1930;Moore and Winter 1933;Balch 1950). As a rule, this time period served as a good indicator of the overall rate of passage of digesta in that animal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of digestion in three species of pinnipeds

Helm¹

1984

Can. J. Zool.

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Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, CA, U .S.A . 95039 Received March 22, 1983 HELM, R. C. 1984. Rate of digestion in three species of pinnipeds. Can. J . Zool. 62: 175 1 -1756.Torpid bowels or an impaction obstruction significantly retards the rate of passage of digesta in an animal and can lead to serious clinical problems. In many captive animals the approximate rate of food passage is well-known, thus allowing for rapid diagnosis and treatment if an intestinal blockage occurs. Although pinnipeds are commonly kept in captivity, the rate of passage of digesta in these animals is not known. In this study, the time period that elapsed before the initial defecation of a dye-marked meal was determined for 20 pinnipeds representing three species. This initial defecation time (IDT) serves as a good indicator of the rate of passage of digesta. The mean IDTs determined for pinnipeds were very fast averaging 5 h or less. No other medium to large carnivore or omnivore has been shown to exhibit such a rapid rate of passage. The extraordinarily fast excretion rate of these animals is even more remarkable considering that their intestine to body length ratios are among the largest in the animal kingdom. It is hypothesized that the rate of passage of digesta in pinnipeds is strongly influenced by their high metabolic rate and the high water content of their digesta.HELM, R. C. 1984. Rate of digestion in three species of pinnipeds. Can. J . Zool. 62: 175 1 -1756.Des intestins paresseux ou une occlusion retardent significativement le passage du bol alimentaire chez un animal et peuvent entrainer des problemes cliniques serieux. Chez plusieurs animaux en captivite, la vitesse approximative du passage des aliments est bien connue, ce qui permet le diagnostic et le traitement rapides d'un blocage intestinal. Bien que des pinnipedes soient souvent gardes en captiviti, la vitesse de passage des aliments chez ces animaux est demeurie inconnue. Au cours de cette etude, la duree de la Hriode entre un repas trait6 au colorant et le debut de la defication subsequente a it6 determinee chez 20 pinnipedes appartenant a trois especes. Le temps icoule vant le dibut de la defication (IDT) est un bon indicateur de la vitesse de passage des aliments. Les IDT moyens enregistres chez ces pinnipedes se sont averes tres courts, soit 5 h ou moins. Une vitesse de passage aussi rapide des aliments n'a jamais it6 enregistrie chez un omnivore ou un carnivore de taille moyenne ou grande. Ce taux particulierement rapide d'excretion est d'autant plus remarquable que chez ces animaux le rapport longueur de l'intestin : longueur totale du corps est I'un des plus eleves du monde animal. 11 est possible que la vitesse de passage du bol alimentaire chez les pinnipedes soit fortement influencee par le taux de mitabolisme ilevi de ces animaux et le contenu hydrique particulierement important de leur bol alimentaire.[Traduit par le journal]

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“…In many digestion studies, the time elapsing before the first defecation after a marked meal has been recorded as the transit time of the digesta (Fish 1923;Hoelzel 1930;Moore and Winter 1933;Balch 1950), and is also referred to as the initial defecation time (Helm 1984). Another term, the rate of passage of digesta, refers to the quantity of digesta, or an entire marked meal, that passes through a point along the alimentary tract in a given time (Kotb and Luckey 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transit time of digesta in captive harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)

Markussen¹

1993

Can. J. Zool.

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Stomach-content analysis can be used to identify the species and size of prey fishes eaten by marine mammals, and has been used for both qualitative and quantitative estimates of their food requirements. Methods that use mass or volume to determine the amount of fish eaten depend on the degree of digestion and the time required for the stomach to empty. The transit time of digesta was estimated by recording the initial defecation time and the time required for the stomach to empty in four harbour seals (Phoca vitulina). The seals were given meals varying in size from 0.5 to 2.1 kg and in caloric content from 4940 to 12 770 kJ/kg, and containing carmine or barium sulphate as a marker. The time from eating until red faeces were observed was between 2 h 35 min and 6 h 15 min. Also, barium sulphate was injected into the food given, and X-rays were used to estimate the time required for the stomach to empty. The stomach started to empty less than 1 h after the meal. Some prey remained in the stomach 5 h after eating.

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Rate of Passage of Inert Materials through the Digestive Tract of the Bovine

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Measurement of feed intake of grazing sheep: I. Rate of passage of inert reference materials through the ruminant digestive tract

Measurement of feed intake of grazing sheep: I. Rate of passage of inert reference materials through the ruminant digestive tract

Rate of digestion in three species of pinnipeds

Transit time of digesta in captive harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)

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