Rate, Risk Factors, and Causes of Neonatal Deaths in Jordan: Analysis of Data From Jordan Stillbirth and Neonatal Surveillance System (JSANDS)

Abstract

Background: It has been estimated that 27.8 million neonates will die worldwide between 2018 and 2030 if no improvements in neonatal and maternal care take place. The aim of this study was to determine the rate, risk factors, and causes of neonatal mortality in Jordan.Methods: In August 2019, an electronic stillbirths and neonatal deaths surveillance system (JSANDS) was established in in three large cities through five hospitals. Data on all births, neonatal mortality and their causes, and other characteristics in the period between August 2019 and January 2020 were exported from the JSANDS and analyzed.Results: A total of 10,328 births [10,226 live births (LB) and 102 stillbirths] were registered in the study period, with a rate of 14.1 deaths per 1,000 LBs; 76% were early neonatal deaths and 24% were late deaths. The odds of deaths in the Ministry of Health hospitals were almost 21 times (OR = 20.8, 95% CI: 2.8, 153.1) higher than that in private hospitals. Low birthweight and pre-term babies were significantly more likely to die during the neonatal period compared to full-term babies. The odds of neonatal mortality were significantly higher among babies born to housewives compared to those who were born to employed women (OR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2, 6.0). Main causes of neonatal deaths that occurred pre-discharge were respiratory and cardiovascular disorders (43%) and low birthweight and pre-term (33%). The main maternal conditions that attributed to these deaths were complications of the placenta and cord, complications of pregnancy, and medical and surgical conditions. The main cause of neonatal deaths that occurred post-discharge were low birthweight and pre-term (42%). Conclusions:The rate of neonatal mortality have not decreased since 2012 and the majority of neonatal deaths occurred could have been prevented. Regular antenatal

Predictors of stillbirth among women who had given birth in Southern Ethiopia, 2020: A case-control study

“…Previous researchers have revealed that asphyxia, maternal infection, non-communicable disease, chronic illness, resident, interpregnancy interval, previous preterm birth, premature rupture of membrane, the induced onset of labor, prolonged labor (>12 hours), multiple pregnancies, mode of delivery, maternal age, place of residence, education level, parity, antenatal care utilization, place of delivery, body mass index (BMI) and anemia, previous stillbirth, uterine rupture, abruption placentae, belonging to the poorest family, antepartum hemorrhage, maternal hypertensive disorder during pregnancy, and small weight-for gestational age babies are significant predictors of stillbirth [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Informing mothers of neonatal death and the need for family‐centered bereavement care: A phenomenological qualitative study

“…In 2018, the annual rate of neonatal mortality in Jordan was 10 newborn deaths per 1000 live births (World Bank, 2019). Respiratory distress, cardiac congenital anomalies, and premature birth are among the main leading causes of neonatal deaths (Al‐Momani, 2020; Al‐Sheyab et al, 2020; Batieha et al, 2016; Hamadneh et al, 2018). In Jordan, as is the case in other countries (Gold et al, 2017), the vast majority of neonatal deaths occur in hospitals—typically in NICUs (Batieha et al, 2016).…”

“…In Jordan, as is the case in other countries (Gold et al, 2017), the vast majority of neonatal deaths occur in hospitals—typically in NICUs (Batieha et al, 2016). More than three‐quarters of neonatal deaths in Jordan were early deaths (Al‐Sheyab et al, 2020), with the majority occurring during the first few days after birth (Al‐Sheyab et al, 2020; Batieha et al, 2016; Obeidat et al, 2019).…”

Walk the Talk: The Transforming Journey of Facility‐Based Death Review Committee from Stillbirths to Neonates

“…In specific, audit committee members discuss each neonatal death or stillbirth carefully to provide a better understanding of root causes thus allow them to prevent similar deaths in the future [ 7 , 12 ]. A recent national study analysed 10,328 births registered at the JSANDS in five hospitals over the six-month period [ 13 ]. The rate of neonatal deaths was 14.1 deaths per 1,000 live births with significantly higher deaths in the Ministry of Health hospitals than those in private hospitals.…”

“…Major causes of neonatal deaths were cardiovascular and respiratory disorders, preterm births, and low birthweight. The most common maternal conditions that contributed to these deaths were complications of pregnancy, placenta, and cord, as well as medical and surgical conditions such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes [ 13 ].…”