Rates of change in vegetation during secondary succession

Bornkamm, Reinhard

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-7991-8_21

Cited by 20 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It amounted to only 27% in the first year (1954). The resulting rate of vegetation change (VC ¼ 100ÀPS) of 73% has to be classified as dramatic (VC465%) following the definition given by Bornkamm (1981). Already in the second year (comparison of 1955-1954) it increased to 74%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty years vegetation development of a xerothermic calcareous grassland in Central Europe after heavy disturbance

Bornkamm

2006

Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty years vegetation development of a xerothermic calcareous grassland in Central Europe after heavy disturbance

Bornkamm

2006

Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants

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“…All calculations were performed using EcoSim (v.7.72, Gotelli and Entsminger 2006). The degree of convergence/divergence in vegetation development over time was gauged by calculating the community composition (CC) for pairs of sites of different ages (Sørensen 1948;Bornkamm 1981):…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term primary succession: a comparison of non-spatial and spatially explicit inferential techniques

Cutler

2009

Plant Ecol

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Trajectories of plant primary succession are commonly inferred from temporal changes in non-spatially explicit metrics that characterise the whole sampling area with a single statistic (e.g. community diversity). However, the derivation of these metrics is affected by the presence of spatial structure (patchiness) in vegetation. The emergence of spatial patchiness during succession is therefore likely to have an impact on attempts to infer the rate and direction of vegetation development. This study examines the impact of patchiness on inferred developmental trajectories by comparing a nonspatial analysis of long-term primary succession with a spatially explicit analysis of the same data. The data used in the analysis were collected from an 850-yearold chronosequence of 7 lava flows in southern Iceland. The non-spatial analysis captured broad developmental trends, including an overall increase in community diversity with time, and a split between early pioneer communities (sites \150-year-old) dominated by cryptogams and later assemblages (sites older than &150 years) where vascular plants were more important. However, the non-spatial analysis missed key community processes apparent in the spatially explicit analysis, including divergence in vegetation development related to metre-scale topographic differences. The results of this study emphasise the need for spatially explicit, multi-scale studies of vegetation development, both in the inference of past vegetation dynamics, and in modelling the response of spatially patchy vegetation to future environmental change.

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“…1940 was the first sample period in the grazed pastures and 1949 was the first sample date in the exclosures. Because rates of compositional change may vary between sample periods, a running comparison was formulated by comparing the similarity of each sample with the previous sample (see Bornkamm 1981). The coefficient of Bray & Curtis (1957) was used to calculate similarity among samples based on species average density values:…”

Section: Intermediate-level Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Succession and fluctuation in Artemisia dominated grassland

1988

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Vegetation dynamics were studied from 1940 to 1978 in two grazed pastures and associated exclosures in sand sagebrush (Artemisiafilifolia) dominated grassland, western Oklahoma, USA. In both pastures and one exclosure, pattern of vegetation change reflected fluctuation rather than succession. In the other exclosure, the grassland exhibited a directional change from annual grasses and forbs to dominance by perennial grasses. Rate of change was consistent during the 39 year period. Cover of grasses increased more in grazed than ungrazed areas. Grass cover was negatively correlated with high air temperatures early in the growing season. Forb cover remained relatively constant over time and shrub cover peaked during the 1960s. Abundance of annuals and cool season species was positively correlated with rainfall early in the growing season.Species diversity and richness were lowest in the ungrazed areas, as a result of increased dominance by perennial grasses such as Schizachyrium scoparium. In pastures and exclosures, richness was positively correlated with growing season precipitation. Cover of the common species differed among sample areas within years and fluctuated between years. Few general patterns emerged from correlations of environmental variables with cover of individual species. In general, vegetation dynamics in these sand sagebrush grasslands reflect a tradeoff in that total cover changes little over time because the loss of some species is compensated for by increased growth of others. Such trade-offs reflect the individualistic response of the component species within each pasture or exclosure. Although changes in growth form composition were related to climatic fluctuation, broadscale climatic variables could not successfully predict small-scale patterns of change by individual species over time.Nomenclature follows Gould (1975), The grasses of Texas, College Station TX, and Waterfall (1972), Keys to the flora of Oklahoma, Stillwater OK.

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Rates of change in vegetation during secondary succession

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Fifty years vegetation development of a xerothermic calcareous grassland in Central Europe after heavy disturbance

Fifty years vegetation development of a xerothermic calcareous grassland in Central Europe after heavy disturbance

Long-term primary succession: a comparison of non-spatial and spatially explicit inferential techniques

Succession and fluctuation in Artemisia dominated grassland

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