Rational design and synthesis of chitosan–quinoa polysaccharide composite aerogel and its adsorption properties for Congo red and methylene blue

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the potential application of a chitosan (CS) and quinoa polysaccharide (QS) composite aerogel for the adsorption of dyes from water.

Chitosan–Resole–Pectin Aerogel in Methylene Blue Removal: Modeling and Optimization Using an Artificial Neuron Network

“…The high-resolution O 1s in Figure 3c was deconvoluted on two peaks corresponding to the 532.9 eV O-C aliphatic (22%) and 531.2 eV O=C carboxyl groups (1.5%), which are in line with the proportion of the chemical bonding between C-O and C=O. Furthermore, these results were consistent with the calculations of the elemental chitosan/quinoa aerogel ratio in Tan et al [18]. Also, on the high-resolution spectra of N 1s, shown in Figure 3d, representative peaks of MB were found at 400.3 eV, belonging to a C-N aromatic ring (0.4%) and at 399.2 eV (-N(CH 3 ) 2 ) (0.5%).…”

“…The physical bond with the dye turned the aerogel blue and was also recognizable on the surface. The diffusion of the dye was different in the pieces observed in Figure 4b,d, with patches that probably exist because the chemical crosslinking was stronger, limiting the flexibility of the mass transfer in the aerogel [16,18]. This is in contrast with Figure 4c, which is the piece with less R, and the color transfer looks homogenous.…”

“…The challenge of obtaining a highly mechanical stability with a porous material has focused on the amount of polymer concentration as the main parameter; this is crucial because it must contain enough polymer to maintain its shape, size, and swollen state during contact with the dye [16]. Diverse strategies such as nano reinforcement [17] with graphene oxide [13], montmorillonite [2], or using physical or chemical crosslinking processes [18] to overcome the instability of CS aerogel [11] have been addressed. Unfortunately, nanomaterials as enhancers are complicated to use due to their low bulk and high costs, and physical and chemical crosslinking would change the chemical disposition of the free species to ionic exchange.…”

Comparative Analysis of Bacterial Cellulose Membranes Synthesized by Chosen Komagataeibacter Strains and Their Application Potential

“…Such outcomes can be attributed to the strong synergistic effect of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions occurring between the amine-containing dye and pectin-modified cellulose fibers. There are various studies related to surface functionalization which show that the incorporation of hydrophilic functional groups, such as -OH and -COOH in the polysaccharide structure enhances their adsorption/removal efficiency for organic dyes such as Congo Red [ 63 , 64 ]. These properties suggest that BNC/CP and BNC/AP composites can potentially be used as matrices for drug release systems or enzyme immobilization, effective dye-removing materials, and adsorption/removal pads in the packaging industry.…”

Preparation of Bio-Based Aerogel and Its Adsorption Properties for Organic Dyes

“…Under alkaline conditions, the electrostatic repulsion decreased with increasing pH, increasing the adsorption capacity; when the pH continued to increase, the gravitational force between the aerogel and CR also decreased, and the adsorption capacity tended to decrease. In acid solutions, electrostatic repulsion between protonated aerogels and cationic CR molecules leads to a decrease in adsorption capacity as the pH decreases due to the presence of nitrogen atoms and sulfonate groups in the acid solution [ 31 , 32 ]. Thus, the adsorption of cationic and anionic dyes was strongly influenced by the change in pH.…”