Rational use of drugs: prescribing and dispensing practices at public health facilities in Lao PDR

Keohavong, Bounxou; Syhakhang, Lamphone; Sengaloundeth, Sivong; Nishimura, Akio; Ito, Katsuki

doi:10.1002/pds.1169

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The proposed optimal range for an injection prescribed is 13.4-24.1% (Table 1). In contrast to our findings, the percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed was 17% in Afghanistan [25], 18% in Lao People's [44], 9% in Botswana [20], 10% in Burundi [40] and 9.1% in Kuwait [45]. However, in some countries, the percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed was even higher than our findings for example, 45.8% in India [35], 57.6% in Cambodia [40], 41.8% in Cameroon [46] and 80% in Ghana [27].…”

Section: Prescribing Indicatorscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Assessment Of Core Drug Use Indicators Using Who/Inrud Methodology At Primary Health Care Centers In Bahawalpur, Pakistan

et al. 2016

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Background: Proper utilization of medicines is a critical component of pharmaceutical care plan. The aim of this study was to assess drug use pattern at ten primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) of the Bahawalpur district of the Punjab province of Pakistan by employing the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators. Methods: This was a descriptive, non-experimental and cross-sectional study. For the prescribing indicators, 1000 prescriptions (100 prescriptions per PHCC) were systematically sampled out of the total 290,000 prescriptions written during January to December 2014. A total of 300 randomly selected patients (30 per PHCC) and 10 pharmacy personnel (one per PHCC) were observed and interviewed to investigate the patient-care and facility-specific indicators, respectively. We used published ideal standards for each of the WHO/INRUD indicators. Results: Among the prescribing indicators, the average number of drugs per encounter was 3.4 (SD = 0.8) (optimal range = 1.6-1.8), the drugs prescribed by the generic name were 71.6% (optimal value = 100%), the encounters with an antibiotic prescribed were 48.9% (optimal range = 20.0-26.8%), the encounters with an injection prescribed were 27.1% (optimal range = 13.4-24.1%) and the drugs prescribed from the Essential Drugs List (EDL) were 93.4% (optimal value = 100%). Among the patient-care indicators, the average consultation time was 2.2 min (SD = 0.8) (optimal value ≥10 min), the average dispensing time was 38 s (SD = 12.1) (optimal value ≥90 s), the percentage of drugs actually dispensed was 90.9% (optimal value = 100%), the percentage of drugs adequately labeled was 100% (optimal value = 100%) and the patients' knowledge of correct dosage was 62.1% (optimal value = 100%). Among the facility-specific indicators, all PHCCs had a copy of the EDL and the key drugs available in the stock were 82% (optimal value = 100%). Conclusions: Irrational use of drugs was observed in all healthcare facilities. This study necessitates the need to implement the WHO/INRUD recommended 12 core interventions to promote rational use of medicines.

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Section: Prescribing Indicatorscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Assessment Of Core Drug Use Indicators Using Who/Inrud Methodology At Primary Health Care Centers In Bahawalpur, Pakistan

et al. 2016

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“…PHCs: primary health care centers; PbHs: public hospitals; PrHs: private hospitals; UHs: university hospitals Total number of medicines prescribed in studies from other countries, which are lower than the value obtained from the PHCs in this study [14][15][16][17][18]. The difference between Turkey and other countries suggests that physicians employed at PHCs in Turkey are more inclined to engage in polypharmacy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Prescribing Practices of Physicians at Different Health Care Institutions

Mollahaliloğlu¹,

Alkan²,

Dönertaş³

et al. 2013

EAJM

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Objective: Irrational pharmacotherapy is a widespread health care problem, and knowing the prescription practices of physicians at an institutional level can present solutions. This study aimed to investigate whether physicians' prescribing patterns showed differences at the level of the health care institution. Materials and Methods:Photocopies of 3201 prescriptions written at primary health care centers (PHCs), public hospitals, private hospitals, and university hospitals (UHs) were collected from 10 provinces in Turkey. The prescriptions were evaluated according to prescribing indicators, and the details of drug utilization were compared for different health care institutions. Results:The average number of medicines per prescription was 2.83, and the highest average was noted in PHCs (2.96). The average cost per prescription was US $51.57, and the highest average cost was found in UHs (US $166.10). The most frequently prescribed drug group was different among health care institutions. With the exception of UHs, the "cold-cough medicines" were the most frequently prescribed medicines at all of the institutions. Thirty-nine percent of the prescriptions included antibiotics. Conclusion:Despite the similarities between the distributions of diagnoses on prescriptions by health care institutions, the contents of the prescriptions showed differences. The high levels of prescriptions for "cold-cough medicines, " whose use is widely debated, and the widespread tendency of physicians to prescribe antibiotics suggest that there is a growing need for disseminating the principles of rational pharmacotherapy. Furthermore, institutional differences must be considered when conducting rational pharmacotherapy programs.Key Words: Health care, institutions, medicine, physicians, rational prescribing Özet Amaç: İrrasyonel farmakoterapi dünya genelinde yaygın olarak gö-rülen bir sağlık problemidir ve kurumsal düzeyde hekimlerin reçete-leme alışkanlıklarının bilinmesi bu sorunun giderilmesine katkı sunabilir. Bu araştırmada, çeşitli sağlık merkezlerinde yazılmış reçetelerin içeriklerinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem:Birinci basamak (BB), devlet hastaneleri (DH), özel hastaneler (ÖH) ve üniversite hastanelerinde (ÜH) çalışan hekimlerin yazmış olduğu 3201 reçete fotokopi edilerek toplandı. Reçeteler çeşitli ilaç kullanımı göstergelerine göre değerlendirildi ve ilaç kullanımının ayrıntıları bu reçetelerin yazıldığı sağlık kurumlarına göre karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular:Reçete başına düşen ortalama ilaç sayısının 2.83 olduğu ve bu değerin en yüksek BB'lerde (2.96) olduğu saptandı. Reçete başına düşen tedavi maliyetinin 51.57$ olduğu ve bu değerin en yüksek ÜH'lerde (166.10$) olduğu saptandı. Reçetelere en sık yazılan ilaç grubunun kurumlar arasında farklılık gösterdiği saptandı. ÜH'ler hariç diğer tüm kurumlarda en sık reçete edilen ilacın "öksürük-soğuk algınlığı ilacı" olduğu saptandı. Reçetelerin %39'unun antibiyotik içerdiği saptandı.Sonuç: Bu araştırmada her ne kadar reçetelerde yazılı tanıların kurumlara göre dağılı...

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“…Our results in comparison with other recent studies Table 2 presents a comparison of core drug use indicators in our study and other recent studies from Asia and Africa [5][6][7][8]. Before comparisons are attempted, it should be noted that while all studies were performed in the same 2-3 year period, the studies in Laos, Bahrain and Brazil were in similar public health centers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The lower rate of generic prescriptions in urban centers is possibly because of easy access to branded drugs in city pharmacies, whereas in rural centers, more drugs are dispensed from the facility itself (most of which are generic). Sudan [5] Lao PDR [6] (N = 30) Bahrain [7] (N = 20)…”

Section: Rural Urban Differences In Bhopalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of drug use in the public sector primary health centers of Bhopal district

et al. 2008

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Rational use of drugs: prescribing and dispensing practices at public health facilities in Lao PDR

Cited by 33 publications

References 2 publications

Assessment Of Core Drug Use Indicators Using Who/Inrud Methodology At Primary Health Care Centers In Bahawalpur, Pakistan

Assessment Of Core Drug Use Indicators Using Who/Inrud Methodology At Primary Health Care Centers In Bahawalpur, Pakistan

Prescribing Practices of Physicians at Different Health Care Institutions

Patterns of drug use in the public sector primary health centers of Bhopal district

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