Rational use of face mask in a tertiary care hospital setting during COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study

Supehia, Sakshi; Singh,; Sharma, Twinkle; Khapre, Meenakshi; Gupta, Puneet Kumar

doi:10.4103/ijph.ijph_493_20

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Unfortunately, few studies looked at PPE compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic: one study reported very poor adherence to mask recommendations due to lack of use (almost 30%) or improper use (164). Before the pandemic, cornerstone practices such as hand hygiene were already poorly applied according to several studies in a variety of hospital departments (including ICUs) across different countries (165)(166)(167).…”

Section: How Do We Explain the High Infection Rate Among Hcws Despitmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles

Zhang

Duchaine

2020

Clin Microbiol Rev

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SUMMARY Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been intense debate over SARS-CoV-2’s mode of transmission and appropriate personal protective equipment for health care workers in low-risk settings. The objective of this review is to identify and appraise the available evidence (clinical trials and laboratory studies on masks and respirators, epidemiological studies, and air sampling studies), clarify key concepts and necessary conditions for airborne transmission, and shed light on knowledge gaps in the field. We find that, except for aerosol-generating procedures, the overall data in support of airborne transmission—taken in its traditional definition (long-distance and respirable aerosols)—are weak, based predominantly on indirect and experimental rather than clinical or epidemiological evidence. Consequently, we propose a revised and broader definition of “airborne,” going beyond the current droplet and aerosol dichotomy and involving short-range inhalable particles, supported by data targeting the nose as the main viral receptor site. This new model better explains clinical observations, especially in the context of close and prolonged contacts between health care workers and patients, and reconciles seemingly contradictory data in the SARS-CoV-2 literature. The model also carries important implications for personal protective equipment and environmental controls, such as ventilation, in health care settings. However, further studies, especially clinical trials, are needed to complete the picture.

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Section: How Do We Explain the High Infection Rate Among Hcws Despitmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles

Zhang

Duchaine

2020

Clin Microbiol Rev

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“…One particular strength of the study is that participants were observed during an actual continuing outbreak -data collection started three weeks after an introduction of the regulation about obligatory mask use in the public space. Furthermore, by covert observation, the Hawthorne effect has been limited as the behavior of participants was not altered [49].…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of masks in public places in Poland during SARS-Cov-2 epidemic: a covert observational study

Gańczak

Pasek

Duda-Duma

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Face masks protect against SARS-Cov-2, however, if used incorrectly masks may increase transmission risk. Many countries, including Poland, recommend masks in pandemic control plans. In Poland, obligatory wearing of masks in public spaces was introduced on April 10th, 2020 [18]; a relaxation of previous universal measures was announced on May 29th, 2020, limiting use to indoor public spaces.Objective: to assess use of masks or other protective devices in public spaces in Poland during the SARS-Cov-2 epidemic and to evaluate influencing determinants.Methods: A non-participatory covert observational study was conducted on three dates, (10.05/18.05/ 25.05.2020) at public spaces in 13 regions with different risks. Ten consecutive individuals were observed by each of 82 medical students (n=2460 observations), using a structured checklist.Results: Among 2353 observed persons, the female/male ratios were 1.0, 1.1, and 1.0 on the three dates. As for age, 21-60-year-olds predominated at 70.8%, 71.9%, and 70.2%; 73.6% (n=552/750) were using masks on date 1, 66.5% (544/818) on date 2; and 65.7% (516/785) on date 3. Cloth masks predominated on all dates (64.7%-62.3%-62.6%), followed by medical (23.4%-28.5%-26.9%). Being female (OR=1.75-1.47-1.53 respectively), aged >40 years (OR=1.46-1.48 respectively), and location in a closed space (OR=2.56-2.63-2.36) were each associated with higher usage. Participants in sports were about two times less likely to use masks (OR=0.64-0.54-0.5) as compared to other activities. The proportion using masks correctly decreased gradually over time (364/552; 65.9%; 339/544; 62.3% and 304/516; 58.9%). More females wore masks correctly (date 1: 205/294; 69.7% vs 159/258; 61.6%, and date 3: 186/284; 65.5% vs 118/232; 50.9%; p=0.045; p=0.0008 respectively). Uncovered noses (47.3%-52.7%) and masks around the neck (39.2%-42.6%) were the most frequent incorrect practices. Conclusions: Practices were not in line with official recommendations, especially among young males, and deteriorated over time. Cloth masks were predominantly used in public spaces. Health promotion, through utilizing all available communication channels, would be helpful to increase compliance.

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“…Despite several tools and resources available at hand, compliance with PPE has been often found lacking among health care personnel, with many HCWs being unable to don and doff adequately, thus further increasing the risk of occupational exposures and illness [21]. Several studies in the past have reflected upon the need for infection prevention and control training [7,18,22,23]. This gave an insight into the significance of reinforcement training regarding IPC practices, including PPE training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Video-Based Online Training for Health Care Workers to Prevent COVID-19 Infection: An Experience at a Tertiary Care Level Institute, Uttarakhand, India

Sharma¹,

Mohanty²,

Singh³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Rational use of face mask in a tertiary care hospital setting during COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study

Cited by 19 publications

References 1 publication

SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles

SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles

Use of masks in public places in Poland during SARS-Cov-2 epidemic: a covert observational study

Effectiveness of Video-Based Online Training for Health Care Workers to Prevent COVID-19 Infection: An Experience at a Tertiary Care Level Institute, Uttarakhand, India

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