Rattle-type Au@TiO2 hollow microspheres with multiple nanocores and porous shells and their structurally enhanced catalysis

Reduction of 4‐Nitrophenol as a Model Reaction for Nanocatalysis

“…Kong et al [11] produced porous titania hollow microspheres (permeable to chemical species) functionalized with multiple Au NPs on the inside (rattle-type hollow microspheres of Au@TiO 2 ). Th e synthesis was based on multi-step template-deposition and surface-protected etching.…”

“…Th is catalyst presented good activity for up to 5 cycles of 4-NP reduction. Figure 13.31 Schematic illustration of the preparation of Au@TiO 2 nanorattles based on multi-step template-deposition and surface-protected etching, with corresponding TEM images [11]. (Reprinted with permission from [11]; Copyright 2010, Elsevier.)…”

“…Most nanocomposites are spherical, however, recently, several authors reported protocols to synthesize diff erent shapes. Th ese include rods [3], polygons [4], cubes [5,6], dendrites [7,8], nanoboxes [9], nanocages [9,10], rattles [11], and nanowires [12]. Nanocatalysis has been reviewed extensively [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

“…Furthermore, their large-scale application is hindered by a reduction in catalytic activity due to particle aggregation. To overcome these disadvantages, metal nanocomposite catalysts have been immobilized onto solid supports such as inorganic oxide [89,90,93,100,106,109,110], ion exchange resins [70,71,87], alumina [88,108], titania [11], polymer microspheres [78,91,[97][98][99], polystyrene [5,72,76,77,79,92,96,104,105], nanotubes [103], carbon spheres [101,102], and biomolecule beads [58]. Th ese supports must not take part in the catalytic mechanism, i.e., they must be inert.…”

Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Activity of Platinum Nanoparticles on Bovine-Bone Powder: A Novel Support

“…However, in order to prevent sintering and have an easy recovery of the catalyst from the reaction medium, supports are employed. Carbon, titania, metal-organic frameworks, graphene, mesoporous silica, or various polymers have been successfully applied as supports by several research groups [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”