Raw bioelectrical impedance analysis variables (phase angle and impedance ratio) are significant predictors of hand grip strength in adolescents and young adults

Body Composition and Bioelectrical-Impedance-Analysis-Derived Raw Variables in Pole Dancers

“…Both those raw BIA variables may be effective in exploring FFM composition and muscle composition in terms of the electrical characteristics of tissues, as well as BCM and the ECW/TBW ratio [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Interestingly, IRs and PhA have also been associated with muscle strength and physical activity [ 14 , 15 , 19 ]. A few cross-sectional studies showed that mean whole-body PhA is higher in athletes vs. controls, while, to the best of our knowledge, no data so far are available on IRs [ 21 ]; of note, a recent paper showed, as expected, a high correlation between IRs and PhA [ 19 ].…”

“…Interestingly, IRs and PhA have also been associated with muscle strength and physical activity [ 14 , 15 , 19 ]. A few cross-sectional studies showed that mean whole-body PhA is higher in athletes vs. controls, while, to the best of our knowledge, no data so far are available on IRs [ 21 ]; of note, a recent paper showed, as expected, a high correlation between IRs and PhA [ 19 ]. In addition, it is still to be determined to what extent IR and/or PhA may vary between different sports and with training/untraining [ 13 , 21 ].…”

“…Their assessment in sportspeople is motivated by the fact that IR and PhA may be considered as potential markers of both body cell mass (BCM) and the ratio between extracellular water and total body water (ECW/TBW ratio) [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]; in other words, both these variables may give information on the electrical properties, as well as the FFM composition and/or muscle composition. IR and PhA were related to muscle strength and physical activity [ 14 , 15 ] as well, while in the first decades of life and elderly people PhA was associated with muscle performance [ 16 , 17 ], isolated or grouped physical fitness indicators [ 18 , 19 ], and cardiorespiratory fitness [ 20 ]. As reported in a recent systematic review [ 21 ], it is still to be determined to what extent PhA differs between different sports and due to training/untraining; some studies showed that mean whole-body PhA is higher in athletes vs. controls [ 21 , 22 ], while, to the best of our knowledge, so far no data are available on IRs in sportspeople and only limited data exists on segmental BIA [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Can phase angle from bioelectrical impedance analysis associate with neuromuscular properties of the knee extensors?

“…PhA is also known to be an index of muscle function. For instance, previous studies reported that larger PhA evaluated for whole-body associated with greater hand grip strength in adolescents and young adults ( Sacco et al, 2021 ), and faster 5-m walking speed in older adults ( Yamada et al, 2019 ). Although muscle function can be assessed from physical performance tests and/or muscle strength measurements using a dynamometer in case of healthy population, there are those who cannot perform physical test or forceful muscle contraction, such as infants, elderly adults, injured people, or dementia patients.…”

“…Previous studies revealed that PhA correlated with maximal muscle strength, such as hand grip strength ( Uemura et al, 2019 ; Yamada et al, 2019 ; Sacco et al, 2021 ), and ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion strength ( Yoshida et al, 2018 ). Regarding age-associated muscle strength loss, decline in thigh muscle strength including the knee extensor strength is suggested to be greater than strength loss of the other muscle group ( Frontera et al, 2000 ; Nogueira et al, 2013 ).…”