Rayleigh‐Taylor instability of a particle packed viscous fluid: Implications for a solidifying magma

Michioka, Hiroki; Sumita, I.

doi:10.1029/2004gl021827

Cited by 31 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…First is that they both have upward pointing cusps. Similar cusps have been previously observed in RayleighTaylor instability of a liquid-immersed granular medium (e.g., Michioka and Sumita 2005;Shibano et al 2012). In addition, for both cases, the preserved flame structures do not fully penetrate through the upper layer.…”

Section: Comparison With the Sedimentary Rockssupporting

confidence: 86%

Shaking conditions required for flame structure formation in a water-immersed granular medium

Yasuda

Sumita

2014

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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Flame structures found in sedimentary rocks may have formed from liquefaction and gravitational instability when the sediments were still unconsolidated and were subject to shaking caused by earthquakes. However, the details of the process that leads to the formation of the flame structure, and the conditions required for the instability to initiate and grow remain unclear. Here, we conduct a series of small-scale laboratory experiments by vertically shaking a case containing a water-immersed layered granular medium. The upper granular layer consists of finer particles and forms a permeability barrier against the interstitial water which percolates upwards. We shake the case sinusoidally at different combinations of acceleration and frequency. We find that there is a critical acceleration above which the instability develops at the two-layer interface. This is because the upward percolating water temporarily accumulates beneath the permeability barrier. For larger acceleration, the instability grows faster and the plumes grow to form a flame structure, which however do not completely penetrate through the upper layer. We classify the experimental results according to the final amplitude of the instability and construct a regime diagram in the parameter space of acceleration and frequency. We find that above a critical acceleration, the instability grows and its amplitude increases. Moreover, we find that the critical acceleration is frequency dependent and is smallest at approximately 100 Hz. The frequency dependence of the critical acceleration can be interpreted from the combined conditions of energy and jerk (i.e., the time derivative of acceleration) of shaking, exceeding their respective critical values. These results suggest that flame structures observed in sedimentary rocks may be used to constrain the shaking conditions of past earthquakes.

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Section: Comparison With the Sedimentary Rockssupporting

confidence: 86%

Shaking conditions required for flame structure formation in a water-immersed granular medium

Yasuda

Sumita

2014

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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“…The unevenness of the lower interface is obviously a gravity-induced instability (Rayleigh-Taylor instability). Some researchers have reported that such an instability occurs at the suspension-fluid boundary even though there is no distinct interface between them [19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Settling Behavior Of Stratified Suspensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a stratified suspension with the positive concentration gradient against the gravity, the interfacial instability occurs at the suspension-fluid boundary and it brings about a lateral variation of the concentration [19][20][21][22][23]. In this case, the suspension behaves as an immiscible fluid even though there is no distinct border with pure fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle-like and fluid-like settling of a stratified suspension

2012

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Abstract. The gravitational settling of inhomogeneously suspended particles in fluid has been investigated. Of particular interest is whether collective or individual motion of particles is dominant during their settlings, i.e., whether the particles settle as a continuous suspension or they settle individually relative to surrounding fluid. We observed the settling of a stratified suspension which has the lower and upper concentration interfaces in quasi-two dimensional vessel. In some cases, the suspension behaves perfectly as a continuous fluid and the motion of the constituent particle is subject to bulk flow caused by the interfacial instability. In other cases, the particle behaves individually relative to surrounding fluid. The existence of concentration interface plays a significant role in these extreme behaviors of suspension. The transition from the collective to individual behaviors can be predicted quantitatively by a parameter which expresses the border resolution of concentration interface.

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“…(9)). Open inverted triangles and open triangles are the equivalent loss modulii calculated from viscosity measurements of the same sample, using a rotating viscometer at shear rates of 0.1 and 1 (1/s), respectively (Michioka, 2005). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)…”

Section: Structural Irreversibility and Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspension rheology under oscillatory shear and its geophysical implications

Sumita

Manga

2008

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Editor: C.P. JaupartKeywords: suspension rheology coseismic response liquefaction dilatancy triggering Dynamic strain generated by seismic waves is often invoked to explain coseismic responses to earthquakes, such as liquefaction, dilatancy and the remote triggering of earthquakes and eruptions. In order to expand our understanding of the conditions under which such responses occur, we measure the rheology of non-Brownian particle suspensions under oscillatory shear at frequencies corresponding to the seismic band (0.1-10 Hz). We characterize the changes in rheology as a function of volumetric particle packing fraction (0.2-0.6), particle diameter (9, 39 μm), and the viscosity of the suspending fluid (0.97, 12.14 Pas). By varying the stress (corresponding to a strain range 10 − 5 b γ b 10 1 ) we identify three rheological regimes. In order of increasing strain amplitude these are (I) linear viscoelastic, (II) shear-thinning and (III) shear-thickening. Transitions between regimes are better defined by a critical strain, rather than stress, particularly for large packing fractions. We find that critical strains are independent of the shearing frequency and fluid viscosity, whereas they decrease with particle packing fraction. We also monitor how the rheology recovers after imposing a large amplitude shear and find that the time scale for recovery is shorter for larger particles, suggesting that structural recovery is controlled by permeable fluid flow. Our results are consistent with the different regimes identified in previous shear tests of water-saturated sands which have a smaller fluid viscosity, suggesting that the same strain criteria can be applied to a wide variety of geological situations.

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Rayleigh‐Taylor instability of a particle packed viscous fluid: Implications for a solidifying magma

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

Shaking conditions required for flame structure formation in a water-immersed granular medium

Shaking conditions required for flame structure formation in a water-immersed granular medium

Particle-like and fluid-like settling of a stratified suspension

Suspension rheology under oscillatory shear and its geophysical implications

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