Razza cagna:<i>mondo</i>movies, the white heterosexual male gaze, and the 1960s–1970s imaginary of the nation

Giuliani, Gaia

doi:10.1017/mit.2018.32

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…, 1986), paving the way for the growth of the aesthetics pillar. The focus on looks, sprung by the male gaze started to penalise in several societal contexts women that deviated from the “fit, young and beautiful norm”, even in fields that had nothing to do with aesthetics (Ponterotto, 2014, 2016; Giuliani, 2018). The rise of social media in more recent years seems to be exacerbating this problem (Sobieraj, 2018; Dragotto et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Colour TV broadcasts (from 1977 onwards), increasing international trade and intensive advertising contributed in this period to the establishment of strict aesthetic standards on female looks (Silverstein et al, 1986), paving the way for the growth of the aesthetics pillar. The focus on looks, sprung by the male gaze started to penalise in several societal contexts women that deviated from the "fit, young and beautiful norm", even in fields that had nothing to do with aesthetics (Ponterotto, 2014(Ponterotto, , 2016Giuliani, 2018). The rise of social media in more recent years seems to be exacerbating this problem (Sobieraj, 2018;Dragotto et al, 2020).…”

Section: Female Discrimination In Italian Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring female discrimination through language: a novel indicator and its effect on production efficiency in Italy

Bevilacqua

Cerciello

2023

IJM

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PurposeWhile the economic literature mostly tackled discrimination looking at labour costs, this work focuses on its relation to labour productivity, arguing that discrimination may worsen the performance of female employees. In this view, it represents a source of allocative inefficiency, which contributes to reducing output.Design/methodology/approachFemale discrimination is both a social and an economic problem. In social terms, consolidated gender stereotypes impose constraints on women’s behaviour, worsening their overall well-being. In economic terms, women face generally worse labour market conditions. Using long-run Italian data spanning from 1861 to 2009, the authors propose a novel measure of female discrimination based on the observed frequency of discriminating epithets. Following social capital theory, the authors distinguish between structural and voluntary discrimination, and use Data Envelopment Analysis for time series data to assess the extent of inefficiency that each component of discrimination induces in the production process.FindingsThe results draw the trajectory of female discrimination in Italy and provide evidence in favour of the idea that female discrimination reduces productive efficiency. In particular, the structural component of female discrimination, although less sizeable than the voluntary component, plays a major role, especially in recent years, where more stringent beauty standards fuel looks-based discrimination.Originality/value The contribution of this work is twofold. First, based on contributions from social sciences different from economics, it proposes a novel theoretical framework that explores the effect of discriminatory language on labour productivity. Second, it introduces a novel and direct measure of female discrimination at the country level, based on the bidirectional link between language and culture. The indicator is easily understood by policymakers and may be used to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-discrimination policies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Female Discrimination In Italian Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring female discrimination through language: a novel indicator and its effect on production efficiency in Italy

Bevilacqua

Cerciello

2023

IJM

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“…This is something I have noticed in the very first scene of Mondo cane (1962), Gualtiero Jacopetti's documentary film. It's a 'way to look' that comes from a specific colonial archive, from one of the many imaginaries representing the so-called Other (see Giuliani, 2018b).…”

Section: Mgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roundtable on Visuality, Race and Nationhood in Italy

Burdett¹,

Ferrini²,

Giuliani³

et al. 2019

Journal of Visual Culture

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This Roundtable on Visuality, Race and Nationhood in Italy brings together scholars from the arts, humanities and social sciences to discuss historical constructions of Italian whiteness and national identity in relation to the current xenophobic discourse on race and migration, stressing their rootedness in as yet unchallenged modern notions of scientific racism. Building on postcolonial historian and anthropologist Ann Laura Stoler's definition of the colonial archive as a 'site of knowledge production' and a 'repository of codified beliefs' in Along the Archival Grain: Epistemic Anxieties and Colonial Common Sense (2009: 97), the discussants conceive the archive as a multi-layered, collective repository of aspiration, dominance, desire, self-aggrandizement and fear through which the development of society's self-image can be revealed but also-through a systematic and critical approach to the (visual) archive of colonialitycontested. Based on the analysis of visual cultures (photographs, news footage, advertisements, propaganda, fiction film, etc.) the Roundtable addresses and connects wide-ranging issues such as: the gaze from above and below in colonial-era ethnographic film; the depiction of migration in the Far Right's rhetoric; representations of fears and fetishisms towards Others in Federico Fellini's work; and the exploitation of the colonial past in the Italy-Libya Bilateral Agreements on migration. The Roundtable was organized in response to the surge in xenophobic violence sparked by the Italian Parliamentary elections of March 2018 and to mark the publication of Gaia Giuliani's monograph Race, Nation, and Gender in Modern Italy: Intersectional Representations in Visual Culture (2018).

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Beyond Reality and Fiction: William Demby’sCongo vivo

Greene

2020

Italian Culture

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Razza cagna:mondomovies, the white heterosexual male gaze, and the 1960s–1970s imaginary of the nation

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Measuring female discrimination through language: a novel indicator and its effect on production efficiency in Italy

Measuring female discrimination through language: a novel indicator and its effect on production efficiency in Italy

Roundtable on Visuality, Race and Nationhood in Italy

Beyond Reality and Fiction: William Demby’sCongo vivo

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