Re-emergence of diphtheria in Malappuram district, North Kerala, India

Krishnan, Sheena; Kizhakkekarammel, Pushpa; George, Kalpana; Johnson, Jaichand; Kurukanari, Rejitha; Raveendran, Geetha

doi:10.4103/jacm.jacm_2_18

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Recent reports of outbreaks and isolated case reports from developing countries like India reassert the fact that there is a possibility of the re-emergence of diphtheria in the post-vaccination era [13][14][15]. Also, reports of incidences of diphtheria from the combined state of Andhra Pradesh and the separated state of Telangana (India) support the fact that the infection is prevalent and that the pediatricians need to be cautious while diagnosing the suspected patients [16][17].…”

Section: Indian Scenario Of Diphtheriamentioning

confidence: 96%

Diphtheria or Streptococcal Pharyngitis: A Case Report Highlighting the Diagnostic Dilemma in the Post-vaccination Era

Kandi¹,

Vaish²

2019

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diphtheria is an acute, highly infectious, toxigenic, and vaccine-preventable disease that commonly affects children under 12 years of age. The incidences of diphtheria have significantly dropped due to vaccination with diphtheria, pertussis, tetani (DPT). Recently, there is an increasing trend in reports of diphtheria throughout the world and specifically from developing countries. According to a World Health Organization (WHO) report, more than 80% of the global diphtheria cases in the post-vaccination era were from India and Indonesia. This could probably be signaling its re-emergence, which may be attributed to several factors that include incomplete immunization. Pharyngitis caused by group A Streptococcus is most frequently seen in children and can be clinically similar in presentation to diphtheria. We share our experience of managing a case of an eight-year-old child, who was clinically suspected to be suffering from diphtheria.

show abstract

Section: Indian Scenario Of Diphtheriamentioning

confidence: 96%

Diphtheria or Streptococcal Pharyngitis: A Case Report Highlighting the Diagnostic Dilemma in the Post-vaccination Era

Kandi¹,

Vaish²

2019

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although data might suggest a general decrease in the number of reported cases in Nigeria, 9 11 years’ worth of data remains missing in the WHO/United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) joint reporting process raising serious concerns over the management techniques. What's more is that of the cases reported in scientific literature, nearly all of them unanimously reflect the country's poor monitoring and reporting system 9,10 …”

Section: Recent Diphtheria Outbreaks and Vaccination Efforts In Niger...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What's more is that of the cases reported in scientific literature, nearly all of them unanimously reflect the country's poor monitoring and reporting system. 9,10 It is obvious that the recent outbreaks of diphtheria in Nigeria despite being a vaccine-preventable disease (VPD), reflect a major failure in the comprehensive Nigerian Program on Immunization (NPI) schedule in the country 7 and, of course, a really big mess to the Nigerian health system and certainly a menace to ponder on. It is not surprising given that the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted health programs worldwide 11 and could be a threat to the Nigerian health system.…”

Section: Recent Diphtheria Outbreaks and Vaccination Efforts In Niger...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Unmasking diphtheria in Nigeria: A multifaceted approach to tackle outbreaks and improve immunization rates among the Nigerian population—An updated correspondence

Oduoye,

Marsool,

Haider

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aimsThe World Health Organization has recently declared the frequent outbreaks of diphtheria in Nigeria as a public health concern. Although vaccination efforts have been successful in Nigeria, unfortunately, the recent 2023 outbreak in Nigeria has been nothing short of distressing. Of course, cases of diphtheria incidence are under‐reported in Nigeria. This present article aims to proffer a possible multifaceted approach to tackle outbreaks of diphtheria in Nigeria and improve immunization rates against the disease among the Nigerian populationMethodsIn writing this study, literature search was done about diphtheria in Nigeria using the following keywords: “diphtheria, prevalence, vaccination, efforts, challenges, and Nigeria” on PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate within 10 years.ResultThis study found that an estimated seven million people remain unvaccinated and are at risk for infection in the country, especially people living in the Northern part of the country. Between the June 30 and August 31, 2023, Nigeria recorded an unusual increase in the number of confirmed cases of diphtheria, where a total of 5898 suspected cases were reported from 59 local government areas in 11 states across Nigeria. The majority (99.4%) of suspected cases of the disease were reported from six states: Kano (1816), Katsina (234), Yobe (158), Bauchi (79), Kaduna (45), and Borno (33).ConclusionIf Nigeria is to emerge beyond these frequent epidemics of diphtheria, the Nigerian government must work on tackling this issue on multiple fronts simultaneously, that is, at the national and international levels, as we believe that these levels would give a holistic way to unmask diphtheria in Nigeria.

show abstract

Clinical profile and risk factors for mortality in children admitted with diphtheria: an observational study

Mohan

Chandrasekaran

Sistla

2023

Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Re-emergence of diphtheria in Malappuram district, North Kerala, India

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Diphtheria or Streptococcal Pharyngitis: A Case Report Highlighting the Diagnostic Dilemma in the Post-vaccination Era

Diphtheria or Streptococcal Pharyngitis: A Case Report Highlighting the Diagnostic Dilemma in the Post-vaccination Era

Unmasking diphtheria in Nigeria: A multifaceted approach to tackle outbreaks and improve immunization rates among the Nigerian population—An updated correspondence

Clinical profile and risk factors for mortality in children admitted with diphtheria: an observational study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About