Re: Emotions, immunity and sport: Winner and loser athlete’s profile of fighting sport

Hayes, Lawrence D.; Sculthorpe, Nicholas; Grace, Fergal

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2015.04.015

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Cortisol is the primary stress hormone and therefore is elevated in physiologically and psychologically stressful situations [126]. An increasing number of psychophysiology studies use sal-T and sal-C to reflect differences or changes in mood state [20,113,158], though there are a number of contradictory overlaps and methodological issues [74,75]. Bernhardt and colleagues [12] investigated the sal-T response of football fans watching their teams win or lose.…”

Section: Psychological Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol Measurement in Sports Medicine: a Narrative Review and User’s Guide for Researchers and Practitioners

et al. 2016

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Since the initial reporting of salivary hormone measurements in marathon runners in the early 1980s, the practice of utilizing salivary testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) to reflect acute and rhythmic changes to their systemic counterparts has gained considerable momentum. However, substantial variability exists between studies with respect to methodological protocols, laboratory techniques, and interpretation of study findings. These differences can directly influence the salivary hormone values, thus hampering interpretation, limiting cross-study comparison, and constraining the generalizability of individual study findings. This article examines the current body of literature before proposing a sequence of practical guidelines to minimize sample variability in salivary hormone research. The guidelines are grouped into 3 major categories that limit comparison between studies; A) study design, B) sample acquisition and biological variation, and C) technical and analytical error. To achieve this, the present article critically appraises research employing salivary T and C measurements, identifies potential sources of error before proposing appropriate methodological considerations for researchers and practitioners wishing to obtain T and C measurement from saliva.

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Section: Psychological Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol Measurement in Sports Medicine: a Narrative Review and User’s Guide for Researchers and Practitioners

et al. 2016

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“…In addition, a recent meta-analysis described a profound effect of study design and sampling regimen on sal-T and sal-C reactivity in response to exercise [69]. Further to the observed heterogeneity in research design, exemplars of limitations with salivary hormone interpretation in psychobiology [74], behavior [75], and endocrinology [60] have been previously acknowledged. However, drawing attention to the limitations of otherwise well-designed studies, has marginal impact to inform progress within these fields of research.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increasing number of psychophysiology studies use sal-T and sal-C to reflect differences or changes in mood state [20,113,158], though there are a number of contradictory overlaps and methodological issues [74,75]. Bernhardt and colleagues [12] investigated the sal-T response of football fans watching their teams win or lose.…”

Section: Psychological Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite increased prevalence in applied research, there are multiple methodological considerations that can hinder sound interpretation of resulting sal-T and sal-C data [74,75]. Recently, the smallest observable change required before changes in sal-T and sal-C that can be considered biologically significant was determined (termed the 'critical difference' [79]) as 90 % and 148 % respectively, when determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2016

Int J Sports Med

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An exploratory approach demonstrating immune skewing and a loss of coordination among cytokines in plasma and saliva of Veterans with combat-related PTSD

et al. 2016

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Studies have suggested PTSD to be associated with an inflammatory state, although few studies have examined the balances between stimulatory and inhibitory immune mediators in PTSD. An exploratory approach was taken to assess the immune imbalances between Th1 stimulatory, inflammatory and inhibitory mediators associated with PTSD. This approach focused on a tightly-controlled and relatively homogeneous population of Veterans, all with similar levels of combat exposure in the Afghanistan and Iraq wars, but some testing negative and others testing positive for PTSD. Although the sample size was small (6 controls and 7 with PTSD) and a limitation of this study, the results showed significant imbalances in immune cytokines favoring a Th1 and inflammatory state, with reduced levels of inhibitory cytokines in Veterans with PTSD. This was particularly prominent in the saliva of PTSD subjects compared to in their plasma.

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Re: Emotions, immunity and sport: Winner and loser athlete’s profile of fighting sport

Cited by 10 publications

References 63 publications

Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol Measurement in Sports Medicine: a Narrative Review and User’s Guide for Researchers and Practitioners

Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol Measurement in Sports Medicine: a Narrative Review and User’s Guide for Researchers and Practitioners

Untitled

An exploratory approach demonstrating immune skewing and a loss of coordination among cytokines in plasma and saliva of Veterans with combat-related PTSD

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