Re-established congruent vapor-liquid diagram and fluctuation aspects of isotope theory-I (H2O-D2O-T2O)

Thermal hysteresis of mesoscopic phase transitions in fluid metals: From tantalum to aluminum and gold with their critical points and non-mean-field global diagrams

“…The phenomenon of thermal hysteresis represented by the caloric projection of Fig. 2 for Al confirms its "wet" type of , Ts diagram similar to that for molecular light fluids H 2 O [4] and CH 4 [5]. The sequence of depicted curves in the wide high-temperature segment cd TT  of the one-phase  …”

“…One needs only the critical point (CP) parameters [1][2][3][4][5][6] to map the mesoscopic criticality onto the set of its parameters by Eqs. (1-3) without any further fit and to probe the selected repulsive exponent n. The distinctive feature of FT-potential is also its finite reduced range of the direct interactions between particles controllable by the inverse PCS-factor of critical compressibility…”

“…In this context we remind that the indicative thermophysical PCS-factor c Z is involved in all main FT-correlations based on the principle of global fluid asymmetry [1][2][3][4][5][6]. We represent their relevant forms below for the sake of completeness in terms of reduced PCS-variables   , ,…”

“…TT  for liquids is always located above or nearly to the high temperatures of normal boiling point   0 , bl TP  for many metals [9]. The proposed option of congruent CVL-predictions [1][2][3][4][5][6] is realizable just in the respective long "low-temperature" interval for sub-atmospheric vapor pressures:   0 vb P T T P  = .…”

“…The latters are usually performed on the microsecond scale of time and the milimetre scale of length for the electrically conductive refractory metals. The applied here FT-model has been already implemented successfully for alkali and alkaline-earth metals [2,3] as well as for two families of the heavier isotopes for water [4] and methane [5], polar methanol [2], several inert gases and ionic liquids [6].…”