Re-evaluation and reconstruction of water purification system using soil I. Assessment of soil as a sorbent of humic substances and phosphate ion

Abstract

The purpose of our study is to develop a treatment procedure for humic substances (HS hereafter) and phosphate ion in wastewater and environmental water by percolation of the water through a constructed soil layer at the hydraulic loading of a few metres per day. In the present work, batch sorption tests were conducted for more than 80 samples of soil, sludge, mineral and organic materials in order to find good sorbents for fulvic acid (FA hereafter) and phosphate ion. The results showed that the sorption of FA was high for some charcoal, and apatite and goethite minerals. Comparatively high sorption of FA was found for some Andosols and volcanic ash soil. Significant sorption of phosphate ion, on the other hand, was found for various types of soil, sludge from water treatment plants and some waste materials. The linear isotherm was obtained for the sorption of FA to a charcoal, apatite and goethite minerals, and Andosols.

Effect of Coexisting Natural Organic Matters (NOM) on the Rejection of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) by A Low Pressure Reverse Osmosis (LPRO) Membrane

“…Bisphenol A (BPA), l7~-estradiol (E2) and 4-Nonylphenol (NP) were three representative EDCs in the experiments obtained from Wako Pure Chemicals. Humic acid (HA) obtained from Aldrich Ltd. and fulvic acid (FA) extracted from HA [6] were used as coexisting natural organic matters (NOM) with the EDCs. Effluent from a secondary sewage treatment plant (hereinafter called "effluent organic matters" and denoted by "EfOM") in Osaka, Japan, was used in the experiments to examine the EDCs rejection characteristics by the membrane.…”