Re-identification of five strains of Rhizopus arrhizus from tempeh based on ITS regions of rDNA sequence data

Vebliza, Yura; Sjamsuridzal, Wellyzar; Oetari, Ariyanti; Santoso, Iman; Roosheroe, I. G.

doi:10.1063/1.5064164

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…1 ). Analysis of the phylogenetic tree consisting of 22 strains determined in this study and 15 strains from our previous studies 25 – 27 , revealed that the strains isolated in the different regions in Indonesia before the commercial tempeh starters have been widely used in Indonesia belonged to three species: R. arrhizus (five strains), R. delemar (14 strains), and R. microsporus (three strains). All the strains isolated from Java in the 1960s–1970s belonged to R. arrhizus and R. delemar.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The extraction of fungal genomic DNA was performed using the PrepMan™ Ultra Kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) as described previously 25 – 27 . The ITS regions in the fungal rRNA gene were amplified using ITS universal fungal primers, namely ITS1 (5′-TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG-3′) and ITS4 (5′-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3′) 28 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, only 127 Rhizopus strains available from those isolated from tempeh produced using traditional starters (1960s–2000s) that are preserved in UICC. The molecular identification of these strains was not performed until 2017, when we sequenced 15 strains of Rhizopus from UICC based on the ITS regions of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene 25 – 27 . The present study aimed to sequence another 22 strains the Rhizopus strains from UICC based on the ITS regions of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, to provide the accurate taxonomic identity of Rhizopus strains that were isolated from tempeh produced using traditional tempeh starters (1960s–2000s).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the use of commercial tempeh starter on the diversity of Rhizopus tempeh in Indonesia

Sjamsuridzal

Khasanah

Febriani

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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At present, only a single Rhizopus species, R. microsporus, can be found in fresh tempeh produced in Java, Indonesia. The loss of diversity of Rhizopus in tempeh has been associated with the widespread use of commercial tempeh starter in Indonesia since the 2000s. However, the identities of the previous Rhizopus strains associated with tempeh, which have been preserved in a culture collection in Indonesia, have not been verified. The present study aimed to verify the identities of 22 Rhizopus strains isolated from tempeh produced using the traditional tempeh starters from the 1960s to the 2000s. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS regions in the rRNA gene sequence data, revealed that the Rhizopus strains belonged to the species R. arrhizus (five strains); R. delemar (14 strains); and R. microsporus (three strains). Verification of the identities of these Rhizopus strains in the present study confirmed the loss of diversity of Rhizopus species in tempeh produced in Indonesia, particularly in Java. Our findings confirmed that the morphological changes in Rhizopus species isolated from tempeh as a result of centuries of domestication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the use of commercial tempeh starter on the diversity of Rhizopus tempeh in Indonesia

Sjamsuridzal

Khasanah

Febriani

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Sporangia were globose, white at first, and then turned black with many spores. Columella was globose to sub-globose in shape, pale brown in color, Rhizoids and stolons were dark brown (Figure 1) [19]. R. oligosporus has brownish-gray colonies with a height of 1 mm or more.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2, comparing the macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the tempeh inoculum with reference states that the commercial tempeh inoculum was assumed to contain R. oryzae and R. oligosporus fungi type producing amylase and glucoamylase enzymes [22]. It was seen from the similarity of shapes, sizes, and colors based on reference, but there are also differences in morphology of Rhizopus compared to the standard due to the different strains of Rhizopus [19]. The tempeh inoculum's enzyme activity test result was amylase of 79.00 U/mL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis L-Lactic Acid From Fermentation of Cassava Pulp by Using Tempeh Inoculum

Nissa

Sumiarsa

Kosasih³

et al. 2021

jsmi

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SYNTHESIS L-LACTIC ACID FROM FERMENTATION OF CASSAVA PULP BY USING TEMPEH INOCULUM. This study used cassava waste pulp as a fermentation substrate to produce lactic acid using a tempeh inoculum. Tempeh inoculum is a mixed culture of Rhizopus with Rhizopus oligosporus as the primary fungus. Lactic acid is an organic acid most widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industries. One of the important uses of lactic acid is as a raw material for producing Polylactic Acid (PLA) biopolymers, namely polymers that can decompose naturally in a relatively fast time. The analysis was performed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method and the Box Behnken Design (BBD) experimental design with substrate concentration parameters, inoculum concentration, and incubation time on lactic acid. The fermentation process is carried out using a flask shaker at a temperature of 30 ºC, pH 6.0, and a rotational speed of 150 rpm. The optimum yield for lactic acid is 6.65 g/L. It was acquired at substrate 20 g/L, inoculum concentration 0.30 % (w/v) at an incubation time of 72 hours.

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Clinical and mycological investigations of post‐COVID‐19 acute invasive fungal sinusitis

Eldsouky

Shahat

AL-Tabbakh

et al. 2022

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Objectives An increased incidence of acute invasive fungal sinusitis associated with the recent COVID‐19 pandemic has been observed, which is considered a public health concern. This study aims to detect the incidence, risk factors, causative agents, clinical presentations, outcomes, and susceptibility rate of various antifungals. Methods In this cross‐sectional cohort study, a total of 30 patients showing acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis following a COVID‐19 infection were investigated. Histopathological biopsies, culture identification, and molecular confirmation of the causative agents were conducted. The demographic data, risk factors, clinical presentations, treatment regimen and its outcomes, and efficacy of antifungals were listed and analyzed. Results A total of 30 cases with a mean age of 59.6 ± 11.9 years were included. Diabetes mellitus was the most recorded comorbidity with a rate of 86.7%, whereas most of the patients received corticosteroids. The mycological examination confirmed the existence of Mucor (Rhizopus oryzae) and Aspergillus (Aspergillus niger) in 96.7% and 3.3% of the cases, respectively. Various stages of sinonasal involvement (ethmoid, maxillary, sphenoid, and inferior turbinate) represented 100%, 83.3%, 66.7%, and 86.7% of the cases, respectively. Headache and facial pain, ophthalmoplegia, visual loss, and blindness represented 100%, 66.7%, 90%, and 53.3% of the cases, respectively. All the cases were simultaneously treated with surgical debridement and amphotericin B. Moreover, R. oryzae was susceptible to it, whereas A. niger was sensitive to voriconazole, resulting in a survival rate of 86.7% (26/30). The R. oryzae and A. niger isolates were proven to be sensitive to acetic acid, ethyl alcohol, formalin, and isopropyl alcohol. Conclusions In patients with COVID‐19, the diagnosis of acute invasive fungal sinusitis and prompt treatment with antifungal medicine and surgical debridement are important in achieving better outcomes and survival rates. Level of Evidence 4

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Re-identification of five strains of Rhizopus arrhizus from tempeh based on ITS regions of rDNA sequence data

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

The effect of the use of commercial tempeh starter on the diversity of Rhizopus tempeh in Indonesia

The effect of the use of commercial tempeh starter on the diversity of Rhizopus tempeh in Indonesia

Synthesis L-Lactic Acid From Fermentation of Cassava Pulp by Using Tempeh Inoculum

Clinical and mycological investigations of post‐COVID‐19 acute invasive fungal sinusitis

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