(Re-)Localization of Location-Based Games

Abstract

While location-based games (LBGs) have been around for some time, only few of them have succeeded in attracting a larger number of players. One reason is the difficulty of suitable embedding of game concepts in an environment. In order to reach players from different places, LBG concepts need to be relocalized in a way which preserves the particular attractiveness of a game. What are criteria for high-quality (re-)localization? While the problem has been recognized in the literature, a systematic derivation of computational criteria is missing. In this chapter, we propose three novel criteria of game localization: playability, breakability, and authenticity. They are based on consistency and similarity measures in a 3-tier model of game localization, understood as a mapping of game actions and narratives into environmental affordances. We illustrate the use of the criteria in terms of a simple conquer game with two different narratives and two different environmental embeddings, as well as with an existing multi-player geogame.

Behavioural Effects of Spatially Structured Scoring Systems in Location-Based Serious Games—A Case Study in the Context of OpenStreetMap

“…Many players of location-based games are classified as so-called explorers [74]. The majority of players, therefore, perceive the exploration of a geographical space as a rewarding, motivating element of location-based games with high intrinsic value [1,31,32,38,75,76]. In particular, the combination with high degrees of autonomy, as outlined above, is able to increase the motivational potential of extensive territorial exploration [60,63].…”

“…Popular examples include Pokémon Go and Ingress, which conflate the physical and the digital sphere through augmented reality and the experience in real-world spaces. Location-based games have sparked interest in academic research in various fields, such as geography [1][2][3] and human-computer interaction [4][5][6]. Researchers thereby leverage digital games to investigate a range of complex mechanisms, including knowledge sharing [7], social collaboration [8], and negotiation processes in the digital realm [9].…”