Re-programming immunosurveillance in persistent non-infectious ocular inflammation

Epps, Simon; Boldison, Joanne; Stimpson, Madeleine L.; Khera, Tarnjit K.; Lait, Philippa J P; Copland, David A; Dick, Andrew D.; Nicholson, Lindsay B.

doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.03.001

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 190 publications

(258 reference statements)

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“…Experimental models of non-infectious and infectious ocular inflammation have been widely and successfully deployed. But fundamental insights regarding how tissue homeostasis is perturbed and how it might be restored are still needed (112). Such concerns are important in a much broader context than uveitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Assessment of Experimental Ocular Inflammatory Disease

et al. 2021

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Ocular inflammation imposes a high medical burden on patients and substantial costs on the health-care systems that mange these often chronic and debilitating diseases. Many clinical phenotypes are recognized and classifying the severity of inflammation in an eye with uveitis is an ongoing challenge. With the widespread application of optical coherence tomography in the clinic has come the impetus for more robust methods to compare disease between different patients and different treatment centers. Models can recapitulate many of the features seen in the clinic, but until recently the quality of imaging available has lagged that applied in humans. In the model experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), we highlight three linked clinical states that produce retinal vulnerability to inflammation, all different from healthy tissue, but distinct from each other. Deploying longitudinal, multimodal imaging approaches can be coupled to analysis in the tissue of changes in architecture, cell content and function. This can enrich our understanding of pathology, increase the sensitivity with which the impacts of therapeutic interventions are assessed and address questions of tissue regeneration and repair. Modern image processing, including the application of artificial intelligence, in the context of such models of disease can lay a foundation for new approaches to monitoring tissue health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Assessment of Experimental Ocular Inflammatory Disease

et al. 2021

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“…The choroid is much thicker in the eyes of humans than in mice. A thicker choroid might contribute to the development of ectopic lymphoid-like structures (ELSs) which are conducive for antibody production (29). These findings indicate the limitation in EAU to fully represent human non-infectious uveitis.…”

Section: Experimental Models For Non-infectious Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some discrepancies inevitably exist between EAU and human noninfectious uveitis. For example, T cells tend to target a single retinal antigen in EAU whereas human non-infectious uveitis is likely induced by various T cell populations (29). For the most widely used experimental animal, the development, phenotypes, and immunoglobulins produced by B cells of mice are significantly different from B cells of humans (7).…”

Section: Experimental Models For Non-infectious Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Various Roles and Participation Levels of B-Cells in Non-Infectious Uveitis

Zhu

Chen

2021

Front. Immunol.

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Non-infectious uveitis is an inflammatory disorder of the eye that accounts for severe visual loss without evident infectious agents. While T cells are supposed to dominate the induction of inflammation in non-infectious uveitis, the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of this disease is obscure. Therefore, this review aimed to discuss diverse B-cell participation in different non-infectious uveitides and their roles in the pathogenesis of this disease as well as the mechanism of action of rituximab. Increasing evidence from experimental models and human non-infectious uveitis has suggested the participation of B cells in non-infectious uveitis. The participation levels vary in different uveitides. Furthermore, B cells play multiple roles in the pathogenic mechanisms. B cells produce autoantibodies, regulate T cell responses via antibody-independent functions, and constitute ectopic lymphoid structures. Regulatory B cells perform pivotal anti-inflammatory functions in non-infectious uveitis. Rituximab may work by depleting pro-inflammatory B cells and restoring the quantity and function of regulatory B cells in this disease. Identifying the levels of B-cell participation and the associated roles is beneficial for optimizing therapy. Diversified experimental model choices and emerging tools and/or methods are conducive for future studies on this topic.

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“…Когда причиной хронического воспаления является не инфекция, а иммунная система, устранение провоцирующего антигена бывает достаточно, а бывает и нет, для нормального функционирования ткани или органа. Поэтому во многих случаях достигается компромисс между тканью и иммунной системой, который клинически может проявляться в виде ремиссий и рецидивов [59].…”

Section: патогенетические аспекты и возможности диагностики неинфекци...unclassified

Evolution of Diagnostic Methods for Infectious and Non-Infectious Uveitis. Review

2022

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Uveitis is an inflammation of the uvea (iris, ciliary body, choroid) that can spread to the retina, vitreous and other structures of the eye. Non-infectious uveitis accounts for 31.5 to 82.9 % of cases. The prevalence of infectious uveitis ranges from 13.0 to 54.7 %. Verification of the etiological diagnosis of uveitis requires an individual approach in each clinical case and is based on a thorough analysis of the patient’s medical history, the presence of systemic diseases, and physical examination data, which is supplemented by various laboratory and instrumental examination. However, despite the widespread development of modern diagnostic capabilities, the etiology of uveitis remains unknown in 30–50 % of cases after non-invasive studies, and the treatment is prescribed empirically. At the present stage of studying this issue, the search for a pathological agent, that can play both an etiological role in the development of infectious uveitis and a trigger role in the non-infectious process, is still an urgent task. The article presents a review of the literature on the evolution of methods for the diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious uveitis in accordance with changing ideas about the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, epidemiological, geographical and socio-economic factors, improving surgical techniques. Pathogenetic aspects and the role of infections in the development of non-infectious uveitis are discussed.

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Re-programming immunosurveillance in persistent non-infectious ocular inflammation

Cited by 11 publications

References 190 publications

Quantitative Assessment of Experimental Ocular Inflammatory Disease

Quantitative Assessment of Experimental Ocular Inflammatory Disease

A Review of the Various Roles and Participation Levels of B-Cells in Non-Infectious Uveitis

Evolution of Diagnostic Methods for Infectious and Non-Infectious Uveitis. Review

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