restriction. 3 Another potential link between pre-eclampsia and COVID-19 is the presence of anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPLA). aPLA is a well-known major risk factor for pre-eclampsia and one study found that 52% of COVID-19 patients had elevated aPLA levels. 4 Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) has been shown to prevent apoptosis as well as reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in endothelial cells. AAT has been shown to be a protective factor in pre-eclampsia through activating Smad2 and inhibiting DNA binding 4 in both an animal model and human placenta tissue. 5 AAT also inhibits TMPRSS-2, 6 the host serine protease that is required for processing of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 before the virus binds to its receptor to gain entry into the cells. The shared pathophysiology between COVID-19 and preeclampsia should be further studied and may lead to novel therapeutics which may include AAT. &