Reach and effectiveness of mailed nicotine replacement therapy for smokers: 6-month outcomes in a naturalistic exploratory study

Zawertailo, Laurie; Dragonetti, Rosa; Bondy, Susan J.; Victor, J. Charles; Selby, Peter

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050303

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This matches the age distributions of smokers using cessation clinics [37,49] and quit-lines [50]. It is interesting to note that interventions for blue-collar smokers designed for any specific age group are most likely intended for young workers entering the workforce (for examples, see [51]).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“Hike up yer Skirt, and Quit.” What Motivates and Supports Smoking Cessation in Builders and Renovators

Bondy

Bercovitz

2013

IJERPH

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Construction-related occupations have very high smoking prevalence rates and are an identified priority population for efforts to promote cessation. This study sought to identify the smoking cessation supports and services which best suited this workforce group, and to identify gaps in reach of preventive health services. We performed qualitative text analysis on pre-existing conversations about smoking cessation among workers in this sector. The material appeared on a discussion forum about residential construction from 1998 and 2011. Roughly 250 unique user names appeared in these discussions. The qualitative analysis addressed knowledge, motivation, environmental influences, and positive and negative experiences with supports for cessation. Self-identified smokers tended to want to quit and described little social value in smoking. Actual quit attempts were attributed to aging and tangible changes in health and fitness. Peer-to-peer social support for cessation was evident. Advice given was to avoid cigarettes and smokers, to focus on personal skills, personal commitment, and the benefits of cessation (beyond the harms from smoking). Many discussants had received medical support for cessation, but behavioural counselling services appeared underutilized. Our findings support efforts toward more complete bans on workplace smoking and increased promotion of available behavioural support services among dispersed blue-collar workers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“Hike up yer Skirt, and Quit.” What Motivates and Supports Smoking Cessation in Builders and Renovators

Bondy

Bercovitz

2013

IJERPH

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“…The distribution of free NRT by postal mail is ongoing in several countries, including the US [13–15] and Canada [16, 17]. In Ontario, the mass distribution of free NRT has been ongoing since the beginning of 2006, with the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care devoting over $14 million (approximately $235 per participating smoker) to this endeavor [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ontario, the mass distribution of free NRT has been ongoing since the beginning of 2006, with the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care devoting over $14 million (approximately $235 per participating smoker) to this endeavor [18]. Through the Smoking Treatment of Ontario Patients (STOP) Study, over 13,000 smokers have received the free NRT (primarily in the form of Nicotine Patches) via the mail, and while this phase of the distribution program has recently concluded, NRT continues to be offered for free combined with counseling through community and regional healthcare organizations [17]. The mass distribution of NRT has been also undertaken in British Columbia and proposals are underway that it be tried in other provinces as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants interested in free nicotine patches and deemed eligible to participate were randomly assigned either to receive a 5-week course of nicotine patches by expedited postal mail or to a no-intervention control group. The 5-week course of nicotine patches was chosen because it mimicked the quantity of nicotine patches sent in the Ontario-based mass distribution initiative and is in line with the amount of nicotine patches mailed in other mass distribution initiatives [13, 17]. Participants randomized to the control group were not offered the nicotine patches or any other intervention and, most importantly, were unaware that the nicotine patches were being offered to others, thus allowing for a strong test of the hypothesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term effectiveness of mailed nicotine replacement therapy: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial 5-year follow-up

et al. 2017

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BackgroundOur group recently completed a randomized controlled trial, evaluating the efficacy of providing 5 weeks of free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT; in the form of the nicotine patch) by expedited postal mail without behavioral assistance to regular adult smokers interested in receiving it. The findings revealed that mailed provision of nicotine patches resulted in more than a doubling of quit rates at a six-month follow-up compared to a no intervention control group. While this trial provided evidence for the effectiveness of mailed nicotine patches in promoting cessation, the findings speak only to the short term effectiveness of this approach. As relapse to smoking is known to occur beyond the 6 month period, it is important to evaluate whether the net benefit of NRT in naturalistic settings can be maintained long-term. The present study aims to perform a 5-year follow-up survey of participants in the original trial to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of mailed NRT.Methods/DesignTrained interviewers will contact participants in the randomized controlled trial 5 years post-enrollment. A total of 924 participants will be eligible to be contacted. Interviewers will first assess participants’ smoking status and their level of nicotine dependence. Participants reporting not currently smoking will be asked whether they have smoked tobacco, even a puff, in the last 30 days (primary outcome measure: 30-day point prevalence abstinence), past 6 months (secondary outcome measure: prolonged 6-month abstinence), and since the 8-week follow-up survey (secondary outcome measure: > 4 year continuous abstinence). Interviewers will be blind to experimental condition at the time the primary outcome measure will be assessed. It is hypothesized that participants who received nicotine patches at baseline will display significantly higher quit rates at the 5-year follow-up as compared to participants who did not receive nicotine patches at baseline.DiscussionIf the study finds that the mailed distribution of free NRT is effective at promoting long-term cessation, it would provide further evidence to move forward with policies designed to make NRT treatment readily and freely available to smokers who request it.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01429129, Registered 2 September 2011; NCT03097445, Registered 25 March 2017.

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“…While primarily limited to pre–post assessment, studies have documented that smokers receiving free NRT as part of smokers' quitlines were generally more than twice as likely to quit compared to when it was not offered 23 25 27 28. However, with as many as 20–50% of smokers with comorbid mental illness accessing these cessation interventions29 30 and nearly a dozen studies to date on the effectiveness of the free NRT distribution approach, we are aware of only one that has detailed its impact on the highly prevalent population of smokers with mental illness 31. Although that study provided preliminary evidence of reduced NRT effectiveness in recurrent depression, similar to other mass distribution efforts, it did not include a randomly allocated control group to test for the causal effects of NRT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of self-reported lifetime depression or anxiety on effectiveness of mass distribution of nicotine patches

et al. 2016

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Reach and effectiveness of mailed nicotine replacement therapy for smokers: 6-month outcomes in a naturalistic exploratory study

Abstract: Provision of free NRT by mail following a brief telephone intervention is an effective strategy to reach and assist a large number of smokers making a quit attempt.

Cited by 27 publications

References 34 publications

“Hike up yer Skirt, and Quit.” What Motivates and Supports Smoking Cessation in Builders and Renovators

“Hike up yer Skirt, and Quit.” What Motivates and Supports Smoking Cessation in Builders and Renovators

Long-term effectiveness of mailed nicotine replacement therapy: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial 5-year follow-up

Impact of self-reported lifetime depression or anxiety on effectiveness of mass distribution of nicotine patches

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