Reaction chemistry of ethanol oligomerization to distillate-range molecules using low loading Cu/MgxAlOy catalysts

Ethanol to diesel: a sustainable alternative for the heavy-duty transportation sector

“…3. This data is partly based on experiments reported by Cuello-Penaloza et al 50 At low conversion ( e.g. , 3% and 12%) low molecular weight alcohols (C1–C4) are the most abundant products.…”

“…3. This data is partly based on experiments reported by Cuello-Penaloza et al 50 At low conversion (e.g., 3% and 12%) low Fig. 3 Product distribution as a function of ethanol conversion in a Guerbet coupling reaction performed using Cu/Mg x ALO y as catalyst.…”

“…This catalyst is stable for more than 100 hours. 43 Additionally, it has been shown that this class of Cu-based catalysts has a higher selectivity toward C6+ alcohols 43,50 in comparison with other catalysts commonly used in Guerbet reactions 42,51,52…”

“…In the reaction, aldehydes and ketones are also produced, these species are accounted for by lumping them with their respective alcohols since they can be easily hydrogenated to form their parent alcohols, for example using a dual bed catalyst. The data is based on the report by Cuello-Penaloza et al 50 This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2023 Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2023, 7, 693-707 | 697…”

Production of drop-in biodiesel blendstocks via competitive acid-catalyzed dehydration reactions using ethanol oligomerization products

“…Over 100 different products are produced during ethanol oligomerization including linear, branched and secondary C 4-10 alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and esters with the primary products being linear alcohols. 10 Fig. 1 (ref.…”