Reaction Condition Optimization and Lumped Kinetics Study for Lower Alcohols Synthesis from Syngas Using a Two-Stage Bed Catalyst Combination System

Abstract

Catalyst characterizationBrunauer−Emmet−Teller (BET) surface areas (S BET ) and pore volumes (Vp) of catalysts were measured using a ASIQMO002-2 analyzer (Quantachrome, US) by nitrogen adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature. The sample (～100 mg) was heated at 200 °C for 6 h to remove the adsorbed gases before test. The chemical composition of catalysts was detected by AXIOSmAX-PETRO XRF (X-ray fluorescence) (PANalytical, Netherlands). The structural parameters and chemical composition of these catalysts are shown in Table S1.Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) studies were carried out in the ChemBET Pulsar-1 automated chemisorption analyzer (Quantachrome, US). The sample was pre-treated by Ar at 120 °C for 120 min. After the sample was cooled to 30 °C, the reduction gas of 5.1 vol% H 2 /Ar was fed into the reactor and temperature was increased linearly to 600 °C at heating rate of 5 °C/min. The consumed gas was monitored by thermal conductivity detector (TCD). The H 2 -TPR profiles of these catalysts are shown in Figure S1. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were obtained with a Rigaku X' pert Pro diffractrometer (PANalytical, Netherlands) with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 0.15418 nm) to investigate the phase composition of fresh catalysts. The measurement conditions was in the 2θ range of 20° -80° with a scanning rate of 0.02 °/step in air at room temperature. The XRD patterns of these catalysts are shown in Figure S2.

Effects of Cu/Fe ratio on structure and performance of attapulgite supported CuFeCo-based catalyst for mixed alcohols synthesis from syngas

“…The gaseous product was passed through a back pressure valve and then analyzed offline by a GC 9800 (Kechuang, Shanghai in China; column: TDX-01, 2 m × 3 mm) equipped with a TCD. The catalytic performance of MAS was evaluated according to the previous report [29].…”

A new concept for total components conversion of lignocellulosic biomass: a promising direction for clean and sustainable production in its bio‐refinery

“…As a result, it is difficult to control the objective products precisely. To learn the rules of material conversion especially for carbon flux clearer, kinetic models can be used to simplify the chemical process . More importantly, it is necessary to design the chemical process from substrates to products .…”

“…To learn the rules of material conversion especially for carbon flux clearer, kinetic models can be used to simplify the chemical process. 35,90,91 More importantly, it is necessary to design the chemical process from substrates to products. 92,93 For substrate, the technology of ABE production can be adjusted to control the yield of hydrolysis residues, fermentation end gas, and fermentation downstream wastewater to offer various amounts of feedstock for further conversion.…”

Process Analysis for the Production of Hydrogen and Liquid Fuels from Oil Shale

“…The catalyst chosen from experimental results shows 93 % CO conversion and unexpected enhanced C 5+ selectivity (71 %) that presents a promising way for the realization of an economical one‐step F–T unit for gasoline production. To simplify the product distribution, a lumped model is applied in the reaction part . Syngas is reacted with steam in a WGS reactor to adjust the molar ratio of H 2 /CO because F–T synthesis technology requires that syngas has a H 2 /CO molar ratio of two …”