Reaction Mechanism of Ferrosilicon Synthesis Using Waste Plastic as a Reductant

Farzana, Rifat; Rajarao, Ravindra; Sahajwalla, Veena

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2017-199

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…According to previous research stated that the formation of iron silicon (FeSi and FeSi2) in reduced pellet was due to the gas phase reaction of silica with the iron oxide [13]. For the silica/ bakelite reduced pellet, peak of Fe5Si3, CaSiO3/Ca2SiO4 and FeSi were majorly detected in XRD pattern after 15 min of reduction time [4]. Boonyaratchinda and Kongkarat (2020) reported that the appearance CaSiO3/Ca2SiO4 was probably occurred during the reaction between CaCO3/CaO and silica.…”

Section: Phase Transformationmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…XRD of the overall reduced pellets showed the formation of ferrosilicon (15 min). In silica/ graphite reduced pellet, it was reported that the formation of SiC, FeSi and FeSi2 were predominantly after 15 min reduction time [4]. The appearance of SiC may cause by the solid phase reaction between high content of silica in silica powder (99%) and high content of carbon in graphite (99%) during the reduction process [6].…”

Section: Phase Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The schematic of the experimental arrangement presented in Figure 1. In order to measure the gas evolved during the reduction, an IR gas analyser was coupled to the furnace [4]. The reduced ferrosilicon samples were analysed by X-ray diffractometer.…”

Section: Ferrosilicon Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In steelmaking industry, the type of carbon and silica source used in the ferrosilicon production have a significantly effect on the cost, energy consumption and stability of the operation [3]. An innovative approach based on recycling waste glass, plastic waste and agricultural waste has been reported by several researchers with aim to maximize use of waste resources for production of ferrosilicon [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8]. reported that plastic waste from bakelite mainly used in kitchenwares, toys, electronic devices such telephones and radios, washing machines and etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Influence of recycled wastes on ferrosilicon production in steel making applications: A short review

Ismail

Ibrahim²,

Said

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The potential transforming the waste materials into an alternative source was found in iron and steelmaking application that also would solved the world’s most problematic waste stream. Generally, converting the waste materials into auxiliary source only is accessible to certain wastes industries due to its difficulty to recycle hence generally landfilled. Recycling waste materials used in ferrosilicon production as carbon and silica source to control the reduction reaction with iron oxide. The present paper reviews the phase transformation and morphology in the production of ferrosilicon at temperature 1550°C on graphite and plastic waste (bakelite) as the potential carbon materials and silica powder and glass waste (automotive glass - windshield, window glass) as alternatives silica source in production of ferrosilicon. The utilization of carbon material from plastic waste and silica source from glass waste (automotive glass) can be used for ferrosilicon synthesis and CO gas concentration comparable with conventional carbon source (graphite) typical silica source (silica powder). The utilization of recycled wasted is efficient due to enhancement in the reaction with iron oxide thus potentially replacing the conventional materials in ferrosilicon synthesis as well as minimizing the landfill wastes.

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Section: Phase Transformationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Phase Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ferrosilicon Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of recycled wastes on ferrosilicon production in steel making applications: A short review

Ismail

Ibrahim²,

Said

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…The detailed mechanism of carbothermal reduction is discussed in reference [31]. From a thermodynamic viewpoint, the reduction of the iron oxide and other oxides involved in our recycling process at 1550°C with a source of solid carbon seemed possible, as per the following reactions [32][33][34][35]: From a thermodynamic viewpoint, the reduction of the iron oxide and other oxides involved in our recycling process at 1550 • C with a source of solid carbon seemed possible, as per the following reactions [32][33][34][35]:…”

Section: Reduction and Recycling Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Isolation of a Clean Alloy from Waste Slag and Polymeric Residue of Electronic Waste

Nekouei¹,

Maroufi²,

Assefi³

et al. 2020

Processes

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Unprecedented advances and innovation in technology and short lifespans of electronic devices have resulted in the generation of a considerable amount of electronic waste (e-waste). Polymeric components present in electronic waste contain a wide range of organic materials encompassing a significant portion of carbon (C). This source of carbon can be employed as a reducing agent in the reduction of oxides from another waste stream, i.e., steelmaking slag, which contains ≈20 wt%–40 wt% iron oxide. This waste slag is produced on a very large scale by the steel industry due to the nature of the process. In this research, the polymeric residue leftover from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) after a physical-chemical recycling process was used as the source of carbon in the reduction of iron oxide from electric arc furnace (EAF) slag. Prior to the recycling tests, the polymer content of e-waste was characterized in terms of composition, morphology, thermal behavior, molecular structure, hazardous elements such as Br, the volatile portion, and the fixed carbon content. After the optimization of the ratio between the waste slag (Fe source) and the waste polymer (the carbon source), the microstructure of the recycled alloy showed no Br, Cl, S, or other contamination. Hence, two problematic and complex waste streams were successfully converted to a clean alloy with 4 wt% C, 4% Cr, 2% Si, 1% Mn, and 89% Fe.

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Reduction Behavior of Hematite‐Biowaste Composite Pellets at Melting Temperature

Biswal,

Pahlevani,

Wang

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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The iron and steel industry is one of the prominent industrial sectors in the world since steel is a vital material with a wide range of applications in our daily lives. The ferrous industries are associated with various issues like extensive greenhouse gas emissions, energy‐intensive processes and heavy reliance on fossil fuels and natural resources. At the same time, concern regarding waste generation and its management is taking up the momentum and calls are being made for recycling and green recovery. Reuse of waste materials in the manufacturing process could make the industries circular economy resilient. Thus, the current work is based on the usage of a biowaste, namely, spent coffee grounds for hematite reduction. Composite pellets of hematite and T‐SCGs (transformed‐spent coffee grounds) were heat‐treated at a melting temperature of 1550 °C. The effect of both binary and quaternary basicity on the reduction behavior was also studied. T‐SCGs have hydrogen in their molecular structure which enhances the reduction mechanism. Overall, the employment of biowaste for iron recovery will aid in making the industry sector more sustainable.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Reaction Mechanism of Ferrosilicon Synthesis Using Waste Plastic as a Reductant

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of recycled wastes on ferrosilicon production in steel making applications: A short review

Influence of recycled wastes on ferrosilicon production in steel making applications: A short review

Thermal Isolation of a Clean Alloy from Waste Slag and Polymeric Residue of Electronic Waste

Reduction Behavior of Hematite‐Biowaste Composite Pellets at Melting Temperature

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